dendrimer builder



 Hi!
 A few weeks ago I asked about a dendrimer coordinate
 builder suitable to generate initial coordinates
 for MM/MD simulations.
 I received a few suggestions, and a few requests for
 the answers. Unfortunately, no builder is currently
 available, so I went ahead and programmed one taking
 advantage of the coordinate manipulation features
 of Charmm. I first must thank those who submitted
 suggestions, and the support people from MSI who
 rebuilt my original patch!
 For the benefit of those who requested it, I am
 appending the rtf and Charmm script file at the
 end of this file.
 The rtf file below supports the
 necessary patches to construct a PAMAM starburst
 dendrimer with a NH3 core. If you write your own
 patches, the Charmm script is "generic" enough
 that you should be able to construct different starburst dendrimers
 with a different core, or repeat unit.
 In a nutshell, the Charmm script below computes the
 necessary offsets so that the correct indeces
 in the linear sequence of repeat
 units (specified by the SEQUENCE command) are used
 to generate the links that build the dendrimer. The links
 are generated using the patching mechanism of Charmm.
 The difficulty with programs that expect a linear polymer like the
 amino acid sequence of a protein is that making the
 apropriate links between different residues can be
 confusing. If anybody is interested in details of the
 script (ie. reference to the equations, etc.), please
 e-mail me directly.
 Finally, some caveats:
 1) the rtf is suitable to construct the coordinates.
 There may be some holes in the description of the
 internal coordinates that define the force field,
 ie. an improper dihedral may not be specified etc.
 2) the script and the rtf have only been tested under Charmm 23.1
 as supplied under Quanta 4.1.1 by MSI, and with an
 older parm file, PARM22.
 3) the amidoamine unit (AMT) is defined in its extended
 and trans form.
 4) it may be appropriate to sequentially build the dendrimer
 with minimization or dynamic runs relaxing the system as
 you build successive generations. This will require
 modifying the script, but this is not too difficult.
 5) i don't claim that the algorithm below is the most
 efficient way of doing this! I am sure some graph theory
 inclined people can do a much better job!
 Bye and Good Luck!
 ******* Charmm script *******
 * PAMAM dendrimer coordinate builder
 * written by Gustavo A. Mercier, Jr.
 * NIH/LDRR 4/96
 * ... Example G=3
 *
 bomb -2
 ! UPPER
 ! read the dendrimer rtf and a parameter file
 read rtf  card name dd.rtf
 read para card name parm.prm
 ! Here we define the variables that define the dendrimer
 set Nc    3  ! Number of branches in the core
 set Ng    3  ! Number of Generations = 2
 set Nb    2  ! Branches at Branchpoint = Nb = 2
 ! Here we initialize other variables
 set NRb   0  ! Total number of Residues in the branch; computed below
 set Zp    1  ! Branchpoints at the periphery = Zp = 1
 set Of1   0  ! Offset1 to move over residues to patch a branchpoint
              !  Number of residues used up to Ng-2
 set Of2   0  ! Offset2 to move over branchpoints
              !  Number of residues used up to Ng-1
 set iNc   1  ! Counter for the number of branches in the core
 set iNg   1  ! Counter for the generations = g
 set iNb   1  ! Counter for the branchpoints
 set iRh   0  ! Residue index of the head = ri
 ! Here you specify variables for each residue that attaches to the head
 ! in your patch; We assume that one patch makes all the necessary
 ! changes at a branchpoint. Otherwise, you would have to loop
 ! over the patches, and take appropriate care over the indeces of
 ! the residues; In the PAMAM case the patch DEND uses 2 residues
 ! as tails to one head.
 set iRt1  0  ! Residue index of the tail 1
 set iRt2  0  ! Residue index of the tail 2
 ! Here we initialize storage variables
 set sto1  0  ! storage
 set sto2  0  ! storage
 ! First, generate the three branches
 ! individually so that the residues of a branch
 ! are together in the output coordinate file
 ! Successive branches have segid = # of branch
 ! Total number of residues in a branch
 LET sto1 =  -8 at 8- Ng + 1
 LET sto2 =  -8 at 8- Nb **  -8 at 8- sto1
 LET sto2 =  -8 at 8- sto2 - 1
 LET sto1 =  -8 at 8- Nb - 1
 LET NRb =  -8 at 8- sto2 /  -8 at 8- sto1
 LABEL L_CORE
 READ SEQU AMT  -8 at 8- NRb
 GENE  -8 at 8- iNc SETUP
 ! patch the branch
   LABEL L_GEN
 !   CALC Zp (  -8 at 8- Nb ) ** ( (  -8 at 8- iNg ) - 1 )
     LET Zp =  -8 at 8- iNg - 1
     LET Zp =  -8 at 8- Nb **  -8 at 8- Zp
 !   CALC Of2 (  -8 at 8- Zp - 1 ) / (  -8 at 8- Nb - 1 )
     LET  sto1 =  -8 at 8- Zp - 1
     LET  sto2 =  -8 at 8- Nb - 1
     DIVI sto1 BY  -8 at 8- sto2      ! This is done to avoid some bug with LET
     SET Of2  -8 at 8- sto1
 !   CALC Of1 ( ( (  -8 at 8- Nb ) * (  -8 at 8- Zp ) ) - 1 ) / (  -8 at 8- Nb -
 1 )
     LET sto1 =  -8 at 8- Nb *  -8 at 8- Zp
     LET sto1 =  -8 at 8- sto1 - 1
     LET sto2 =  -8 at 8- Nb - 1
     LET Of1 =  -8 at 8- sto1 /  -8 at 8- sto2
     LABEL L_BRANP
 !     CALC iRh    -8 at 8- Of2 +  -8 at 8- iNb
       LET iRh =  -8 at 8- Of2 +  -8 at 8- iNb
 !     CALC iRt1   -8 at 8- Of1 + 1
       LET iRt1 =  -8 at 8- Of1 + 1
 !     CALC iRt2   -8 at 8- Of1 + 2
       LET iRt2 =  -8 at 8- Of1 + 2
       PATCH DEND  -8 at 8- iNc  -8 at 8- iRh   -8 at 8- iNc  -8 at 8- iRt1    -8
 at 8- iNc   -8 at 8- iRt2 SETUP
       SET Of1  -8 at 8- iRt2
       INCR iNb BY 1
       IF  -8 at 8- iNb GT  -8 at 8- Zp THEN GOTO E_BRANP
       GOTO L_BRANP
     LABEL E_BRANP
     SET iNb 1   ! reset the counter
     INCR iNg BY 1
     IF  -8 at 8- iNg GT  -8 at 8- Ng THEN GOTO E_GEN
     GOTO L_GEN
   LABEL E_GEN
   SET iNg 1
   INCR iNc BY 1
   IF  -8 at 8- iNc GT  -8 at 8- Nc THEN GOTO E_CORE
   GOTO L_CORE
 LABEL E_CORE
 ! Now link to the core; here it is NH3
 READ SEQU card
 * NH3
 *
 1
 NH3
 GENE 0 SETUP
 PATCH NGZ  0 1  1 1   2 1  3 1  SETUP
 ! Now generate the coordinates
 IC PARA
 IC SEED 0 1 N  1 1 C1 1 1 C2
 IC BUILD
 IC FILL
 print ic
 print coor
 write coor card name "test.crd"
 * PAMAM g3  NH3 core
 *
 ! You could write a PSF if you wanted to!
 ! write psf  card name "test.PSF"
 ! * PAMAM g3 NH3 core
 ! *
 STOP
 ******* End of Charmm script ********
 ******* Begin rtf ********
 * Topology file containing the dendrimer units
 * ...
 * ...   4/25/96 Modified by G. Mercier M.D.,Ph.D..
 * ...   Original by G. Mercier, but DEND patch written
 * ...   by Dr. Funchness of support at msi.com (4/24/96)
 * ...
 * sorted alphabetically; metals follow organics
 * Atom type numbers 201-229 are reserved for special QUANTA display atom types.
 * Last current active number is 234.
 *
    22    0
 MASS   170 AR    39.948   Ar ! Argon
 MASS     7 B     10.81    B  ! Boron
 MASS    14 C     12.01100 C  ! Carbonyl or Guanidinium carbon
 MASS   190 C3    12.01100 C  ! Carbonyl carbon in 3-membered aliphatic ring
 MASS   192 C4    12.01100 C  ! Carbonyl carbons in 4-membered aliphatic ring
 MASS    21 C5R   12.01100 C  ! Aromatic carbon in a five membered ring
 MASS    23 C5RE  13.01900 C  ! Extended aromatic carbon in five membered ring
 MASS    28 C5RP  12.01100 C  ! for Aryl-Aryl bond between C5R rings
 MASS   189 C5RQ  12.01100 C  ! for second Ar-Ar bond between C5RP rings (ortho)
 MASS    22 C6R   12.01100 C  ! Aromatic carbon in a six  membered ring
 MASS    24 C6RE  13.01900 C  ! Extended aromatic carbon in six membered ring
 MASS    29 C6RP  12.01100 C  ! for Aryl-Aryl bond between C6R rings
 MASS   194 C6RQ  12.01100 C  ! Carbon of C6RP type ortho to C6RP pair
 MASS   230 CF1   12.01100 C  ! Carbon with one Fluorine
 MASS   231 CF2   12.01100 C  ! Carbon with two Fluorines
 MASS   232 CF3   12.01100 C  ! Carbons with three Fluorines
 MASS    11 CH1E  13.01900 C  ! Extended atom carbon with one hydrogen
 MASS    12 CH2E  14.02700 C  ! Extended atom carbon with two hydrogens
 MASS    13 CH3E  15.03500 C  ! Extended atom carbon with three hydrogens
 MASS    15 CM    12.01100 C  ! Carbonmonoxide, or other triply bonded, carbon
 MASS   199 CP3   12.01100 C  ! Carbon on nitrogen in proline ring
 MASS   197 CPH1  12.01100 C  ! CG and CD2 carbons in histidine ring
 MASS   198 CPH2  12.01100 C  ! CE1 carbon in histidine ring
 MASS   195 CQ66  12.01100 C  ! Third adjacent pair of CR66 types in fused rings
 MASS    25 CR55  12.01100 C  ! Aromatic carbon-merged five membered rings
 MASS    26 CR56  12.01100 C  ! Aromatic carbon-merged five/six membered rings
 MASS    27 CR66  12.01100 C  ! Aromatic carbon-merged six membered rings
 MASS   196 CS66  12.01100 C  ! Second adjacent pair of CR66 types in fused rings
 MASS    10 CT    12.01100 C  ! Aliphatic carbon (tetrahedral)
 MASS   191 CT3   12.01100 C  ! in 3-membered aliphatic ring, usually tetrahedral
 MASS   193 CT4   12.01100 C  ! in 4-membered aliphatic ring, usually tetrahedral
 MASS    16 CUA1  12.01100 C  ! Carbon in double bond, first pair
 MASS    17 CUA2  12.01100 C  ! Carbon in double bond, second conjugated pair
 MASS    20 CUA3  12.01100 C  ! Carbon in double bond, third conjugated pair
 MASS    18 CUY1  12.01100 C  ! Carbon in triple bond, first pair
 MASS    19 CUY2  12.01100 C  ! Carbon in triple bond, second conjugated pair
 MASS     1 H      1.00800 H  ! Hydrogen bonding hydrogen (neutral group)
 MASS     3 HA     1.00800 H  ! Aliphatic or aromatic hydrogen
 MASS     2 HC     1.00800 H  ! Hydrogen bonding hydrogen (charged group)
 MASS   168 HE     4.00260 He ! Helium
 MASS     9 HMU    1.00800 H  ! Mu-bonded hydrogen for metals and boron-hydride
 MASS     8 HO     1.00800 H  ! Hydrogen on an alcohol oxygen
 MASS     4 HT     1.00800 H  ! TIPS3P water model hydrogen
 MASS   171 KR    83.80    Kr ! Krypton
 MASS     5 LP     0.0        ! ST2 lone pair
 MASS    31 N     14.00670 N  ! Nitrogen; planar-valence of 3, i.e. nitrile, etc.
 MASS   234 N3    14.00670 N  ! Nitrogen in a three membered ring
 MASS    34 N5R   14.00670 N  ! Nitrogen in a five membered aromatic ring
 MASS    30 N5RP  14.00670 N  ! for Ar-Ar bond between five membered rings
 MASS    35 N6R   14.00670 N  ! Nitrogen in a six membered aromatic ring
 MASS    39 N6RP  14.00670 N  ! for Aryl-Aryl bond between six membered rings
 MASS    37 NC    14.00670 N  ! Charged guanidinium-type nitrogen
 MASS   186 NC2   14.00670 N  ! for neutral guanidinium group - Arg sidechain
 MASS   169 NE    20.179   Ne ! Neon
 MASS    38 NO2   14.00670 N  ! Nitrogen in nitro, or related, group
 MASS    32 NP    14.00670 N  ! Nitrogen in peptide, amide, or related, group
 MASS   183 NR1   14.00670 N  ! Protonated nitrogen in neutral histidine ring
 MASS   184 NR2   14.00670 N  ! Unprotonated nitrogen in neutral histidine ring
 MASS   185 NR3   14.00670 N  ! Nitrogens in charged histidine ring
 MASS   182 NR55  14.00670 N  ! N at fused bond between two 5-membered aromatics
 MASS   180 NR56  14.00670 N  ! N at fused bond between 5 and 6-membered aryls
 MASS   181 NR66  14.00670 N  ! N at fused bond between two 6-membered aromatics
 MASS    36 NT    14.00670 N  ! Nitrogen (tetrahedral), i.e. Amine, etc.
 MASS    33 NX    14.00670 N  ! Proline nitrogen, or similar
 MASS    40 O     15.99940 O  ! Carbonyl oxygen for amides, or related structures
 MASS    56 O2M   15.99940 O  ! Oxygen in Si-O-Al or Al-O-Al bond
 MASS    52 O5R   15.99940 O  ! Oxygen in 5 membered aromatic ring-radicals, etc.
 MASS    53 O6R   15.99940 O  ! Oxygen in 6 membered aromatic ring-radicals, etc.
 MASS    41 OA    15.99940 O  ! Carbonyl oxygen for aldehydes, or related
 MASS    51 OAC   15.99940 O  ! Carbonyl oxygen for acids, or related
 MASS    43 OC    15.99940 O  ! Charged oxygen
 MASS    50 OE    15.99940 O  ! Ether oxygen / Acetal oxygen
 MASS    47 OH2   15.99940 O  ! ST2  water model oxygen
 MASS    42 OK    15.99940 O  ! Carbonyl oxygen for ketones, or related
 MASS    48 OM    15.99940 O  ! Carbonmonoxide, or other triply bonded, oxygen
 MASS    49 OS    15.99940 O  ! Ester oxygen
 MASS    57 OSH    0.00000 O  ! Massless O for zeolites, or related cage cmpds.
 MASS    55 OSI   15.99940 O  ! Oxygen in Si-O-Si bond
 MASS    45 OT    15.99940 O  ! Hydroxyl oxygen (tetrahedral) or Ionizable acid
 MASS    46 OW    15.99940 O  ! TIP3P water model oxygen
 MASS    64 P6R   30.9738  P  ! Phosphorous in aromatic 6-membered ring
 MASS    61 PO3   30.9738  P  ! Phosphorous bonded to three oxygens
 MASS    62 PO4   30.9738  P  ! Phosphorous bonded to four oxygens
 MASS    60 PT    30.9738  P  ! Phosphorous, general; usually tetrahedral
 MASS    63 PUA1  30.9738  P  ! Phosphorous double bond
 MASS   233 PUY1  30.9738  P  ! Triple bonded phosphorus
 MASS   173 RN   222.0     Rn ! Radon
 MASS    72 S5R   32.0600  S  ! Sulphur in a five membered aromatic ring
 MASS    73 S6R   32.0600  S  ! Sulphur in a six membered aromatic ring
 MASS    74 SE    32.060   S  ! Thioether sulphur
 MASS    71 SH1E  33.06800 S  ! Extended atom sulphur with one hydrogen
 MASS    75 SK    32.060   S  ! Thioketone sulphur
 MASS    76 SO1   32.0600  S  ! Sulphur bonded to one oxygen
 MASS    77 SO2   32.0600  S  ! Sulphur bonded to two oxygens
 MASS    78 SO3   32.0600  S  ! Sulphur bonded to three oxygens
 MASS    79 SO4   32.0600  S  ! Sulphur bonded to four oxygens
 MASS    70 ST    32.06000 S  ! Sulphur, general; usually tetrahedral
 MASS   131 XAT  210.0     At ! Astatine
 MASS    94 XBR   79.904   Br ! Bromine
 MASS    93 XCL   35.45300 Cl ! Chlorine
 MASS   172 XE   131.29    Xe ! Xenon
 MASS    92 XF    18.99840 F  ! Fluorine
 MASS    95 XI   126.9045  I  ! Iodine
 MASS   126 MAC  227.0278  Ac ! Actinium
 MASS   111 MAG  107.868   Ag ! Silver
 MASS    91 MAL   26.9815  Al ! ALuminum
 MASS   159 MAM  243.0     Am ! Americium
 MASS   101 MAS   74.9216  As ! Arsenic
 MASS   119 MAU  196.08    Au ! Gold
 MASS   115 MBA  137.33    Ba ! Barium
 MASS     6 MBE    9.01218 Be ! Beryllium
 MASS   122 MBI  208.9804  Bi ! Bismuth
 MASS   161 MBK  247.0     Bk ! Berkelium
 MASS    84 MCA   40.080   Ca ! Calcium
 MASS   112 MCD  112.41    Cd ! Cadmium
 MASS   124 MCE  140.12    Ce ! Cerium
 MASS   162 MCF  251.0     Cf ! Californium
 MASS   160 MCM  247.0     Cm ! Curium
 MASS    99 MCO   58.9332  Co ! Cobalt
 MASS    98 MCR   51.996   Cr ! Chromium
 MASS    89 MCS  132.9054  Cs ! Cesium
 MASS    96 MCU   63.546   Cu ! Copper
 MASS   150 MDY  162.50    Dy ! Dysprosium
 MASS   152 MER  167.26    Er ! Erbium
 MASS   163 MES  252.0     Es ! Einsteinium
 MASS   147 MEU  151.96    Eu ! Europium
 MASS    86 MFE   55.847   Fe ! Iron
 MASS   164 MFM  257.0     Fm ! Fermium
 MASS   142 MFR  223.0     Fr ! Francium
 MASS   135 MGA   69.72    Ga ! Gallium
 MASS   148 MGD  157.25    Gd ! Gadolinium
 MASS   136 MGE   72.59    Ge ! Germanium
 MASS   175 MHA  262.0     Ha ! Hahnium
 MASS   138 MHF  178.49    Hf ! Hafnium
 MASS   120 MHG  200.59    Hg ! Mercury
 MASS   151 MHO  164.9304  Ho ! Holmium
 MASS   137 MIN  114.82    In ! Indium
 MASS   140 MIR  192.22    Ir ! Iridium
 MASS    83 MK    39.098   K  ! Potassium
 MASS   123 MLA  138.9055  La ! Lanthanum
 MASS    80 MLI    6.941   Li ! Lithium
 MASS   167 MLR  260.0     Lr ! Lawrencium
 MASS   155 MLU  174.967   Lu ! Lutetium
 MASS   165 MMD  258.0     Md ! Medelevium
 MASS    82 MMG   24.305   Mg ! Magnesiun
 MASS    85 MMN   54.938   Mn ! Manganese
 MASS   107 MMO   95.94    Mo ! Molybdenum
 MASS    81 MNA   22.9898  Na ! Sodium
 MASS   106 MNB   92.9064  Nb ! Niobium
 MASS   144 MND  144.24    Nd ! Neodymium
 MASS   100 MNI   58.69    Ni ! Nickel
 MASS   166 MNO  259.0     No ! Nobelium
 MASS   157 MNP  237.0482  Np ! Neptunium
 MASS   117 MOS  190.2     Os ! Osmium
 MASS   156 MPA  231.0359  Pa ! Protactinium
 MASS   121 MPB  207.2     Pb ! Lead
 MASS   110 MPD  106.42    Pd ! Palladium
 MASS   145 MPM  145.0     Pm ! Promethium
 MASS   130 MPO  209.0     Po ! Polonium
 MASS   125 MPR  140.9077  Pr ! Praseodymium
 MASS   118 MPT  195.08    Pt ! Platinum
 MASS   158 MPU  244.0     Pu ! Plutonium
 MASS   143 MRA  226.0254  Ra ! Radium
 MASS    88 MRB   85.4678  Rb ! Rubidium
 MASS   176 MRE  186.31    Re ! Rhenium
 MASS   174 MRF  261.0     Rf ! Rutherfordium/Kurchatovium
 MASS   109 MRH  102.9055  Rh ! Rhodium
 MASS   108 MRU  101.07    Ru ! Ruthenium
 MASS   114 MSB  121.75    Sb ! Antimony
 MASS   133 MSC   44.9559  Sc ! Scandium
 MASS   102 MSE   78.96    Se ! Selenium
 MASS    90 MSI   28.0855  Si ! Silicon
 MASS   177 MSIU 28.08550  Si ! Silicon when as double bond
 MASS   146 MSM  150.36    Sm ! Samarium
 MASS   113 MSN  118.69    Sn ! Tin
 MASS   103 MSR   87.62    Sr ! Strontium
 MASS   139 MTA  180.9479  Ta ! Tantalum
 MASS   149 MTB  158.9254  Tb ! Terbium
 MASS   132 MTC   98.0     Tc ! Technetium
 MASS   129 MTE  127.60    Te ! Tellurium
 MASS   127 MTH  232.0381  Th ! Thorium
 MASS   134 MTI   47.88    Ti ! Titanium
 MASS   141 MTL  204.383   Tl ! Thallium
 MASS   153 MTM  168.9342  Tm ! Thulium
 MASS   128 MU   238.0289  U  ! Uranium
 MASS    97 MV    50.9415  V  ! Vanadium
 MASS   116 MW   183.85    W  ! Tungsten
 MASS   104 MY    88.9059  Y  ! Yttrium
 MASS   154 MYB  173.04    Yb ! Ytterbium
 MASS    87 MZN   65.38    Zn ! Zinc
 MASS   105 MZR   91.22    Zr ! Zirconium
 ! Autogenerate all angles during generation of the PSF
 ! AUTOGENERATE ANGLES DIHEDRALS
 ! Apply terminal patches NONE and NONE by default during
 ! generation of the PSF
 DEFA FIRS NONE LAST NONE
 !
 ! NH3
 RESI NH3
 GROUP
 ATOM N   NT     -0.30
 ATOM H1  H       0.10
 ATOM H2  H       0.10
 ATOM H3  H       0.10
 DONO H1 N
 DONO H2 N
 DONO H3 N
 ACCE N  H1
 BOND N  H1   N  H2   N  H3
 THET H1 N H2   H1 N H3  H2 N H3
 IMPH H3 H2 N H1
 IC   H3   H2   *N   H1   0.000    0.0  120.0    0.0  0.00
 ! The AMT molecule
 RESI AMT         0.00
 GROUP
 ATOM C1   CT    -0.15
 ATOM H1   HA     0.05
 ATOM H2   HA     0.05
 ATOM H12  HA     0.05
 GROUP
 ATOM C2   CT    -0.05
 ATOM H3   HA     0.05
 ATOM H4   HA     0.05
 ATOM C3   C      0.60
 ATOM O1   O     -0.55
 ATOM N1   NP    -0.40
 ATOM H5   H      0.25
 ATOM C4   CT    -0.05
 ATOM H6   HA     0.05
 ATOM H7   HA     0.05
 GROUP
 ATOM C5   CT    -0.10
 ATOM H8   HA     0.05
 ATOM H9   HA     0.05
 GROUP
 ATOM N2   NT    -0.30
 ATOM H10  H      0.15
 ATOM H11  H      0.15
 BOND C1 H12  C1 H1  C1 H2
 BOND C1 C2   C2 H3  C2 H4   C2 C3
 BOND C3 O1   C3 N1
 BOND N1 H5   N1 C4
 BOND C4 H6   C4 H7  C4 C5
 BOND C5 H9   C5 H8  C5 N2
 BOND N2 H10  N2 H11
 ! IMPH  N1 C3 C4 H5
 ! my impropers
 IMPH  H1 C2 C1 H2
 IMPH  H1 C2 C1 H12
 IMPH  H3 C1 C2 H4
 IMPH  H3 C1 C2 C3
 IMPH  O1 C2 C3 N1
 IMPH  H5 C3 N1 C4
 IMPH  H6 N1 C4 H7
 IMPH  H6 N1 C4 C5
 IMPH  H8 C4 C5 N2
 IMPH  H8 C4 C5 N2
 IMPH  H10 C5 N2 H11
 !
 DONO H5 N1
 ACCE O1 C3
 IC   C1   C2   C3   N1   0.000    0.0  180.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   C1   C2   C3   O1   0.000    0.0    0.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   C2   C3   N1   C4   0.000    0.0  180.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   C3   N1   C4   C5   0.000    0.0  180.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   N1   C4   C5   N2   0.000    0.0  180.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   C3   C2   C1   H1   0.000    0.0   60.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   C3   C2   C1   H2   0.000    0.0  -60.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   N1   C3   C2   H3   0.000    0.0   60.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   N1   C3   C2   H4   0.000    0.0  -60.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   O1   C3   N1   H5   0.000    0.0  180.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   C3   N1   C4   H6   0.000    0.0  -60.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   C3   N1   C4   H7   0.000    0.0   60.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   N1   C4   C5   H8   0.000    0.0  -60.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   N1   C4   C5   H9   0.000    0.0   60.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   C4   C5   N2   H10  0.000    0.0  120.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   C4   C5   N2   H11  0.000    0.0 -120.0    0.0  0.000
 IC   C3   C2   C1   H12  0.000    0.0  180.0    0.0  0.000
 ! Patch to generate the g0 core in
 ! NH3 core PAMAM
 ! residue 1 is the NH3 core
 ! residue 2 is C1 head one
 ! residue 3 is C1 head two
 ! residue 4 is C1 head three
 !
 !    2C1----
 !   /
 ! 1N-----------3C1-------
 !   \
 !    4C1----
 PRES NGZ
 ATOM 1N   NT   -0.15
 ATOM 2C1  CT   -0.05
 ATOM 2H1  HA    0.05
 ATOM 2H2  HA    0.05
 ATOM 3C1  CT   -0.05
 ATOM 3H1  HA    0.05
 ATOM 3H2  HA    0.05
 ATOM 4C1  CT   -0.05
 ATOM 4H1  HA    0.05
 ATOM 4H2  HA    0.05
 DELE ATOM 1H1
 DELE ATOM 1H2
 DELE ATOM 1H3
 DELE ATOM 2H12
 DELE ATOM 3H12
 DELE ATOM 4H12
 BOND 1N 2C1  1N 3C1  1N 4C1
 THET 2C1 1N 3C1
 THET 2C1 1N 4C1
 THET 3C2 1N 4C1
 THET 1N 2C1 2C2
 THET 1N 3C1 3C2
 THET 1N 4C1 4C2
 THET 1N 2C1 2H1
 THET 1N 2C1 2H2
 THET 1N 3C1 3H1
 THET 1N 3C1 3H2
 THET 1N 4C1 4H1
 THET 1N 4C1 4H2
 DIHE 3C1 1N  2C1 2H1
 DIHE 3C1 1N  2C1 2H2
 DIHE 3C1 1N  2C1 2C2
 DIHE 2C1 1N  3C1 3H1
 DIHE 2C1 1N  3C1 3H2
 DIHE 2C1 1N  3C1 3C2
 DIHE 3C1 1N  4C1 4H1
 DIHE 3C1 1N  4C1 4H2
 DIHE 3C1 1N  4C3 4C2
 DIHE 1N  2C1 2C2 2H3
 DIHE 1N  2C1 2C2 2H4
 DIHE 1N  2C1 2C2 2C3
 DIHE 1N  3C1 3C2 3H3
 DIHE 1N  3C1 3C2 3H4
 DIHE 1N  3C1 3C2 3C3
 DIHE 1N  4C1 4C2 4H3
 DIHE 1N  4C1 4C2 4H4
 DIHE 1N  4C1 4C2 4C3
 IMPH 4C1 3C1 1N  2C1
 IMPH 2H1 1N  2C1 2H2
 IMPH 2H1 1N  2C1 2C2
 IMPH 3H1 1N  3C1 3H2
 IMPH 3H1 1N  3C1 3C2
 IMPH 4H1 1N  4C1 4H2
 IMPH 4H1 1N  4C1 4C2
 IC  4C1  3C1 *1N   2C1   0.000    0.0  120.0    0.0  0.000
 IC  3C1  1N   2C1  2C2   0.000    0.0  -60.0    0.0  0.000
 IC  1N   2C1  2C2  2C3   0.000    0.0  180.0    0.0  0.000
 IC  2C2  2C1  1N   3C1   0.000    0.0  120.0    0.0  0.000
 IC  2C1  1N   3C1  3C2   0.000    0.0   90.0    0.0  0.000
 IC  1N   3C1  3C2  3C3   0.000    0.0  180.0    0.0  0.000
 IC  2C2  2C1  1N   4C1   0.000    0.0 -120.0    0.0  0.000
 IC  2C1  1N   4C1  4C2   0.000    0.0  180.0    0.0  0.000
 IC  1N   4C1  4C2  4C3   0.000    0.0  180.0    0.0  0.000
 ! PAMAM patch to connect to N2 as follows
 ! residue 1 is the N2 tail
 ! residue 2 is the C1 head one
 ! resiude 3 is the C1 head two
 !       2C1----
 !      /
 ! ---1N2
 !      \
 !       3C1----
 PRES DEND
 DELE ATOM 1H10
 DELE ATOM 1H11
 DELE ATOM 2H12
 DELE ATOM 3H12
 GROUP
 ATOM 1N2 NT  -0.10
 ATOM 2C1 CT  -0.05
 ATOM 2H1 HA   0.05
 ATOM 2H2 HA   0.05
 ATOM 3C1 CT  -0.05
 ATOM 3H1 HA   0.05
 ATOM 3H2 HA   0.05
 BOND 1N2 2C1
 BOND 1N2 3C1
 THET 1C5 1N2 2C1
 THET 1N2 2C1 2C2
 THET 1N2 2C1 2H1
 THET 1N2 2C1 2H2
 THET 1C5 1N2 3C1
 THET 1N2 3C1 3C2
 THET 1N2 3C1 3H1
 THET 1N2 3C1 3H2
 THET 2C1 1N2 3C1
 DIHE 1C4 1C5 1N2 2C1
 DIHE 1H8 1C5 1N2 2C1
 DIHE 1H9 1C5 1N2 2C1
 DIHE 1C4 1C5 1N2 3C1
 DIHE 1H8 1C5 1N2 3C1
 DIHE 1H9 1C5 1N2 3C1
 DIHE 1C5 1N2 2C1 2C2
 DIHE 1C5 1N2 2C1 2H1
 DIHE 1C5 1N2 2C1 2H2
 DIHE 1C5 1N2 3C1 3C2
 DIHE 1C5 1N2 3C1 3H1
 DIHE 1C5 1N2 3C1 3H2
 DIHE 1N2 2C1 2C2 2C3
 DIHE 1N2 2C1 2C2 2H3
 DIHE 1N2 2C1 2C2 2H4
 DIHE 1N2 3C1 3C2 3C3
 DIHE 1N2 3C1 3C2 3H3
 DIHE 1N2 3C1 3C2 3H4
 DIHE 2C2 2C1 1N2 3C1
 DIHE 2H1 2C1 1N2 3C1
 DIHE 2H2 2C1 1N2 3C1
 DIHE 2C1 1N2 3C1 3C2
 DIHE 2C1 1N2 3C1 3H1
 DIHE 2C1 1N2 3C1 3H2
 ! my impropers
 IMPH 2H1 2C2 2C1 1N2
 IMPH 3H1 3C2 3C1 1N2
 IMPH 2C1 1C5 1N2 3C1
 IMPH 2H1 1N2 2C1 2H2
 IMPH 2H1 1N2 2C1 2C2
 IMPH 3H1 1N2 3C1 3H2
 IMPH 3H1 1N2 3C1 3C2
 !
 ! 2C2 dihedral is 90 rather than 180 to allow for tilt into
 ! H-bonding position upon minimization/dynamics
 IC  1C4  1C5  1N2  2C1   0.000    0.0  120.0    0.0  0.000
 IC  1C4  1C5  1N2  3C1   0.000    0.0 -120.0    0.0  0.000
 IC  1C5  1N2  2C1  2C2   0.000    0.0  090.0    0.0  0.000
 IC  1N2  2C1  2C2  2C3   0.000    0.0  180.0    0.0  0.000
 IC  1C5  1N2  3C1  3C2   0.000    0.0  180.0    0.0  0.000
 IC  1N2  3C1  3C2  3C3   0.000    0.0  180.0    0.0  0.000
 END
 ******** End of rtf ***********
 ****************************************
 Gus Mercier, Jr
 NIH - LDRR
 gmercier -8 at 8- helix.nih.gov
 ****************************************
 ****************************************
 Every attempt to employ mathematical
 methods in the study of chemical questions
 must be considered profoundly irrational
 and  contrary  to the spirit of chemistry ...
 If mathematical analysis should ever hold
 a prominent place in chemistry -- an aberration
 which  is  happily  almost impossible --  it
 would occasion a rapid and widespread
 degeneration of that science.
 Auguste Comte
 Philosophie Positive, Paris, 1838
 -------------------------------------------------------------
 The underlying physical laws necessary
 for the mathematical theory of a large part
 of physics and the whole of chemistry are
 thus completely  known, and the difficulty is
 only that the exact application of these laws
 leads to equations much too complicated to be soluble.
 Dirac, Proc. Roy. Soc (London) 123:714 (1929)
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