From p.mencarelli@caspur.it  Thu Dec 14 06:28:47 1995
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From: "Dr. Paolo Mencarelli" <p.mencarelli@caspur.it>
Subject: rotational entropy in solution


Hi all,
I am an organic chemist interested in host-guest chemistry, and I have  the
problem of evaluate the rotational entropy of a molecule in solution.  
I am able to evaluate the rotational entropy in the gas phase by using
statistical thermodynamics, i.e. by the rotational partition function, but I
am not aware of extension of such theory to the liquid state. 

Does anyone know how to evaluate, even in approximate way, the rotational
entropy of a molecule in solution?

Thanks.
                Paolo Mencarelli
=====================================
Dr. Paolo Mencarelli
Dipartimento di Chimica
Universita' La Sapienza
P.le Aldo Moro, 2
00185 Roma - ITALY
tel 06-49913697
fax 06-490631
E-Mail p.mencarelli@caspur.it 
E-Mail mencarel@xantia.caspur.it
=====================================


From owner-chemistry@ccl.net  Thu Dec 14 07:13:48 1995
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Date: Thu, 14 Dec 1995 12:35:18 +0100
From: ariane@WAPinorg.chemie.uni-halle.de (Ariane)
Message-Id: <199512141135.MAA16187@WAPinorg.chemie.uni-halle.de>
To: chemistry@ccl.net
Subject: CCL:how construct aux. dft bases


Dear colleagues,

since I'm a rather new user of density functional methods
I've problems in generating  proper auxiliary bases for the
fitting of the charge density and/or xc-part in native
dft-codes (deMon, DeFT, DGauss, ...) for traditional
HF basis sets not introduced into the corresponding 
basis libraries of these programs.

Are there any common rules for preparing such bases sets,
likely as an exponential bases expansion ?

Anyone who share her/his knowledge with me/us are welcome.

Regards

	Ariane

From owner-chemistry@ccl.net  Thu Dec 14 08:58:49 1995
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Date: Thu, 14 Dec 1995 08:53:31 -0500 (EST)
From: Wang Youliang <wangyo@chims1.CHIMCN.UMontreal.CA>
Subject: Re: CCL:G:UHF v.s. ROHF
To: "JDA03546@niftyse" <JDA03546@niftyserve.or.jp>
cc: chemistry@ccl.net
In-Reply-To: <199512140333.MAA17221@inetnif.niftyserve.or.jp>
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On Thu, 14 Dec 1995, JDA03546@niftyse wrote:

> (Large output part was snipped.)
> I posted this yesterday and have already received some replies. 
> I really appreciate those who responded!
> I'm sorry that I forgot to say an important thing. Since my purpose
> is to compare UHF and ROHF, the system has to be open shell. So the
> calculation was done in triplet state and both UHF and ROHF gave the 
> S**2 value exactly 2. I'll summarize the answers.
> Thank you.
> ** JDA03546@niftyserve.or.jp/Kazuo Teraishi <12/14 09:38> **
> 

Your problem is due to single-determinant wavefunction. You can simply
test the stability of wavefunction for UHF calculations by using
STABLE=OPT (or other options, see Gaussian Manual for details).

Good lucky

Y. Wang



wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
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From owner-chemistry@ccl.net  Thu Dec 14 09:07:59 1995
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To: chemistry@ccl.net
Subject: GAUSSIAN 94 WORKSHOP
Forwarding: Mail from 'gaussian.com!fox@lorentzian.com (Doug Fox)'
      dated: Thu, 14 Dec 1995 01:18:32 -0500 (EST)


************************************************************************* 

 The National Center for Supercomputing Applications and
    Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc. are pleased to announce:

 INTRODUCTION TO GAUSSIAN:  THEORY AND PRACTICE

 Date:      February 27 - March 1, 1996

 Location:  Silicon Graphics, Inc. Mountain View, Ca.

 The National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) in conjunction
 with Silicon Graphics, Inc. (SGI) are pleased to sponsor "Introduction to
 Gaussian:  Theory and Practice."  This workshop will be presented in
 conjunction with Gaussian, Inc. and Semichem, Inc., from February 27 to
 March 1, 1996 in the SGI facilities in Mountain View, California.

 The workshop will cover the full range of methods available in the
 Gaussian package with emphasis on new methods and features which make
 Gaussian applicable to an ever widening spectrum of research applications.
 The workshop is structured to provide an introduction to electronic structure
 theory as well as a hands-on review for researchers active in the field.
 The workshop is open to researchers at all levels of academic, government
 and industrial research.

      Instructors:

        Prof. Gustavo Scuseria              Rice University
        Prof. George A. Petersson           Wesleyan University
        Dr. Douglas J. Fox                  Gaussian, Inc.
        
        Dr. Roberto Gomperts                Silicon Graphics, Inc.
        Dr. Balaji Veeraraghavan            NCSA 

      Tentative Agenda Topics:

        Introduction to Electronic Structure Theory
        Model Chemistries: A Framework for Understanding Electronic
            Structure Theory Results
        MCSCF Methods and Applications
        Geometry Optimization Techniques
        Electron Correlation Methods
        Density Functional Theory Methods
        Excited States via CI Singles
        Thermochemistry via Model Chemistries
        Interpretation of Gaussian 94 Results
        Predicting Molecular Properties
        Solvent Effects on Molecular Electronic Structure
        Gaussian Utilities
        Estimating Resource Requirements

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****************************************************************************

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From moshe_o@VNET.IBM.COM  Thu Dec 14 09:58:55 1995
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From: "Moshe Olshansky" <moshe_o@VNET.IBM.COM>
To: chemistry@www.ccl.net
Subject: Improving performance of the HARTREE-FOCK SCF ROOTHAAN Computations.


Dear netters,
We are offering a technique/code which accelerates the solution of the above
equations considerably (factors of about x2-x5 have been obtained, depending
on specific example).
The technique is offered to organizations owning a source-code of a
Hartree Fock package (whether a user in the chemical industry or a company
which develops/sells such packages/codes). We shall install our technique/
code on top of that code, provided a mutual commercial agreement with IBM
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CONTACT:
Dr. Moshe Olshansky (moshe_o@vnet.ibm.com)
IBM Israel Science & Technology LTD.
MATAM- Advanced Technology Center
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Fax: (972)-4-8550070

From acp37@rs1.rrz.Uni-Koeln.DE  Thu Dec 14 11:28:51 1995
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From: "T. Koch" <acp37@rs1.rrz.Uni-Koeln.DE>
To: CCL <chemistry@www.ccl.net>
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Dear netters,

some times ago I posted a question concerning the stabilty of computed=20
molecules.
I received some answers and would like to thank all who responded. Now I=20
post the answers I got. If there are any additional opinions on this=20
topic I would appreciate to receive your mail.


The original posting was:

  I have a question which should be of considerable interest for=20
computational chemists. The question is: How do I measure computationally=
=20
the stability of organic molecules?
  I study some molecules which presumably have not yet been prepared. And I=
=20
would like to know if these molecules have a chance to exist. What I did=20
so far is the most simple and obvios method: I compared the absolute=20
electronic energy with the same quantity on a known and more or less=20
stable isomer. But from the results I got I think that this is only a=20
crude approximation on a "measure" of stability and reactivity.
  What I didn't examine yet but could be quite sensible (I think) is doing=
=20
a CI or MCSCF calculation and looking at the energy gap between the=20
frontier orbitals and comparing it to known isomers.
  Another way could be an examination of the computed IR-spectrum. Are=20
there very low frequencies (shallow dips in the potential engergy=20
surface) which could lead to "new" molecules?
  Is there a way to determine "centers of reactivity" ?
 =20

The answers are:

From: Ernest Chamot <echamot@xnet.com>

>I have a question which should be of considerable interest for=20
>computational chemists. The question is: How do I measure computationally=
=20
>the stability of organic molecules?

Actually, your initial approach should give you a decent estimate of the
thermodynamic stability (especially the RELATIVE thermodynamic stability),
but as you point out it is a poor measure of the KINETIC stability/reactivi=
ty:

>so far is the most simple and obvios method: I compared the absolute=20
>electronic energy with the same quantity on a known and more or less=20
>stable isomer. But from the results I got I think that this is only a=20
>crude approximation on a "measure" of stability and reactivity.

This thermodynamic stability would give you a good idea of whether the
reactions you are proposing to synthesize the new compound will work, but
not whether the new compound will be isolable before conversion into
something else.

In the past I've considered each bond individually and calculated the energ=
y
barrier for each bond homolysis in systems where bond homolysis was the onl=
y
reasonable mode of decomposition.  You could similarly consider all
reasonable reactions (homolysis, heterolysis, cyclic ring reversions,
dimerizations, etc.) one by one, but if you have a very complicated system
this could be daunting.  (Using CI or MCSCF may get you a more accurate
answer, but if it reduces the number of possibilities you can test, I think
it would reduce rather than increase your confidence that you understand th=
e
stability of your system.)  What one needs, of course, is a good enough ide=
a
of the entire potential energy surface, to be able to identify the
lower(est) saddle points serving as barriers between your molecule and
conversion into some other isomer/products.  This is sort of what you would
be doing with:

>  Another way could be an examination of the computed IR-spectrum. Are=20
>there very low frequencies (shallow dips in the potential engergy=20
>surface) which could lead to "new" molecules?
>  Is there a way to determine "centers of reactivity" ?

I think it would be a good idea to pursue, but not just looking at the
lowest energy frequencies: one vibrational mode may start out steeper than
the others, but crossover a transition state to some other products before
going through as high a maximum.  The low frequencies would be good startin=
g
points though.  I haven't tried following a specific eigenvector from a
ground state as such (I'm usually either starting from a transition state o=
r
near to a stationary geometry), but I would think Intrinsic Reaction
Coordinate (or DRC) searches following each of the lower frequencies from
the computed IR-spectrum would be a good way to probe for the preferred
"centers of reactivity" without having to explicitly define the center of
reactivity a priori.



From: Pascal HEBANT <hebant@ext.jussieu.fr>

>  Is there a way to determine "centers of reactivity" ?
 You can use Fukui functions that are easy to compute from HF or DFT
calculations. see among other references  :

J. L. G=E1zquez, Hardness and softness in Density Functional Theory  in
Chemical Hardness , Coll. Structure and Bonding (Springer-Verlag, Berlin,
1993)

R. G. Parr et W. Yang, Density Functional Theory of atoms and molecules ,
(Oxford University Press, New York, 1989)

P. K. Chatteraj et R. G. Parr, Density Functional Theory of chemical
hardness  in Chemical Hardness , Coll. Structure and Bonding
(Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1993)




From: Jason Lye <jlye@tx.ncsu.edu>

Our group has recently begun to look at predicting the regioselectivity of=
=20
certain nucleophilic and electrophilic reactions.  Most techniques use a=20
weighted frontier orbital approach.  Some references that you might want to
read are:

K. Fukui, T. Yonezawa, C. Nataga, Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol 26, No.4
 Pages 831-841, (1957)

K. Fukui, T. Yonezawa, C. Nataga, H. Shingu,=20
Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol 22, No.8, Pages 1433-1442, (1954)

K. Fukui, T. Yonezawa, C. Nataga, Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan=
,
Vol. 27, Pages 423-427, (1954)

Also, we have learned that other factors besides frontier orbital density a=
re
often involved.  These may include steric effects and also electrostatic=20
repulsion/attractions between the two reagents.





From: "E. Lewars" <elewars@alchemy.chem.utoronto.ca>

With regard to the recent question by Thorsten Koch "How do I measure the
stability of organic molecules? ...I compare absolute electronic energy wit=
h...
a known and more or less stable isomer."  There were also queries about the
relevance of frontier orbitals and calculated IR frequencies.

  *Stability* can refer to (1) the tendency of an isolated molecule to reac=
t,
perforce by isomerizing or by dissociating, or it can refer to (2) the tend=
ency
of a molecule to react with another (possibly identical) molecule.

  Considering (1):
  The calculated freqs (i.e. the calc IR spectrum) provide information abou=
t
the reactivity of the isolated molecule.  If there are no imaginary ("negat=
ive")
freqs, the molecule can exists *as far as that particular level of calc is
concerned*, that is, it is a relative minimum on the potential energy surfa=
ce;
it sits in a well and jiggles its all-real vibrational modes, escaping from
the well at a rate that, ignoring wierd things like tunneling, depends (at
least approximately) on the height of the barrier separating it from the
nearest other well (or nearest plateau, for dissociation).
  A low-freq vibration corresponding to bond cleavage should make one suspe=
ct
that at some higher computational level this freq will become imaginary, an=
d
the bond will actually break.  A low-freq "vibration" that coresponds to a
torsional mode would, if it were coaxed into being imaginary at a higher le=
vel,
correspond to a conformational change: the molecule might still exist, but =
might
not, say, be flat as in the input geom, but rather puckered (e.g. flat D4h
cyclobutane may prefer to be D2d).
  The stability of a real molecule (a relative minimum) can be quantified b=
y
calculating the rate at which it goes over the lowest barrier separating it
>from its isomerization or dissoaciation product(s).  Of course, if it's
substantially the lowest-energy species on the PES then you don't have to w=
orry
about this.  Stability is most intelligible if expressed as half-life at so=
me
temperature (like room temp, where most of us live).

  Considering (2):
  Comparison of the frontier orbitals (HOMO and LUMO) with those of known,
similar molecules is probably wothwhile, since reaction with electrophiles
and nucleophiles will be governed (to the ubiquitious first approximation)
by the energies of these orbitals.

Some references to calulations on the stabilities/existence of exotic organ=
ic
molecules are:
Oxirene and substituted oxirenes--
Vacek,..., Schaefer,..., J Phys Chem 98 (1994) 8660.
Fowler, Galbraith, Vacek and Schaefer, J Am Chem Soc 116 (1994) 9311.
Scott, Nobes, Schaefer and Radom, J Am Chem Soc 116 (1994) 10159

N6 (e.g. hexaazabenzene), N8, etc--
Engelke, J Am Chem Soc  115 (1993) 2961
Engelke, J Org Chem 57 (1992) 4841
Engelke and Stine, J Phys Chem 94 (1990) 5689 ["Is N8 Cubane Stable?]
Engelke, J Phys Chem 94 (1990) 6924                            /|\
Engelke, J Phys Chem 96 (1992) 10789                            |
Engelke, J Phys Chem 93 (1989) 5722                             |
                                                             STABLE
Benzooxirene--
Lewars, THEOCHEM 1996

CO2 polymers--
Lewars, THEOCHEM 1996



/-----------------------------------------------------------------\
|                        Thorsten Koch                            |
| Institut fuer Physikalische Chemie II der Universitaet zu Koeln |
|           Luxemburger Str. 116, 50939 Koeln, Germany            |
|                    acp37@rrz.uni-koeln.de                       |
|                   Tel. +49 [0]221 470 4816                      |
\-----------------------------------------------------------------/


From owner-chemistry@ccl.net  Thu Dec 14 13:58:53 1995
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To: chemistry@ccl.net
Date: Thu, 14 Dec 1995 08:57:31 +0100
Subject: (Fwd) Re: CCL:Octanol/Water Partitioning
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I sent this answer back to Thomas directly but thought it was worth 
posting to the list as others might find this information useful.

Dave.


Date:          Fri, 17 Nov 1995 10:43:20

Thomas R. Cundari  writes:

> Are there any basic introductory articles which describe water/octanol
> partition coefficients?
> 
> >From what little I have read, it seems they are a popular measure of
> hydrophilicity of a compound and
> are also popular in structure-activity studies since a large number of them
> databased by the folks
> at Pomona.

It's nice to see someone "discovering" log P.  Yes, partition 
coefficients are a pretty popular parameter for QSAR - I reported 
that in 1988 over 40% of the 337 studies listed in the QSAR journal 
and its abstract service involved a hydrophobicity descriptor (D.J. 
Livingstone, "Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships" in: 
Similarity Models in Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Related 
Fields (Eds, R.I. Zalewski, T.M. Krygowski & J. Shorter), Elsevier, 
1991, pp 557-627).  There is a bit of discussion of log P measurement 
and calculation in this chapter, along with a few references.

> 
> Mainly I'm interested in knowing how to do the experiments to measurw logP.
> Are the experiments  involved? Any applications/examples for metal
> complexes would be most interesting.
> 

There are numerous reviews and introductory articles that deal with 
the experimental determination of log P, far too many to list here, 
but some good places to look are:

Chapter 4 (The hydrophobic parameter: measurement and calculation) of 
the new book by Hansch & Leo (Exploring QSAR Fundamentals and 
Applications in Chemistry and Biology, ACS, 1995, ISBN 0-8412-2987-2)

"Partition Coefficient Determination and Estimation", (Eds W. Dunn, 
J. Block & R. Pearlman), Pergamon, 1986, ISBN ????

The chapter by Peter Taylor in that mammoth multi-volume set 
"Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry.......".  It is actually in Vol. 4 
(Quantitative Drug design (ed. C.A. Ramsden) Pergamon, Oxford, 1990, 
pp 241-294)

Chapter 3 (Parameters) of Hugo Kubinyi's book (QSAR: Hansch Analysis 
and related Approaches, VCH, Weinheim, 1993, ISBN 3-527-30035-X).

Partition coefficients are actually very easy and very difficult to 
measure !

I hope this helps.

Cheers,

		Dave.
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                                     ChemQuest
                       Cheyney House, 19-21 Cheyney St.,
                       Steeple Morden. Herts UK SG8 0LP 
  
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e-mail davel@chmqst.demon.co.uk
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Date: Thu, 14 Dec 1995 21:32:48 +0100
From: qfsaulo@usc.es (Saulo Vazquez Rodriguez)
Message-Id: <199512142032.AA06161@uscmail.usc.es>
To: chemistry@ccl.net
Subject: SUMMARY:RRKM


Last week I had asked for the UNIMOL suite of programs or
any program to calculate unimolecular rate constants. I am very
grateful to all the people who replied to my original request, 
especially to Professor Gilbert whose response is shown below.

Saulo Vazquez (qfsaulo@usc.es)


Thank you for your enquiry about obtaining our UNIMOL suite by
email. That can be done using FTP.

To run the program suite, you will also need the manual, which
is some 30 pages in length. This manual can also be sent to you
electronically, most easily as a Macintosh binhex file which can
then be printed out.

Note also that the program and manual make frequent reference to
our text, "Theory of unimolecular and recombination reactions".
R.G. Gilbert and S.C. Smith. Blackwell Scientific Publications,
Oxford and Cambridge Mass., 1990. Users have found having access
to this text makes the program much easier to understand.

To access UNIMOL programs and sample data files:

ftp to ftp.chem.usyd.edu.au as ftp or anonymous
Change Directory to /pub/unimol
copy all of the files in this directory.

This contains the program file. The subdirectory doc contains the
documentation, both as a Macintosh BinHex file or as an RTF ("rich-text
format") file which can be
read into any word processor. These are available as manual.hqx and manual.rtf


For further details, email
gilbert@chem.usyd.edu.au


Robert G Gilbert

Professor Robert G Gilbert
Sydney University Polymer centre
Chemistry School,
Sydney University. NSW 2006 Australia
phone: 61-2-351 3366. fax: 61-2-351 3329



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Date: Thu, 14 Dec 1995 16:48:54 -0500 (EST)
From: Matt Stahl <stahl@lhasa.harvard.edu>
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To: chemistry@ccl.net
Subject: new software release - PADRE
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Netters,
	Pat Walters and I are releasing the latest program from BABEL, Inc.  
Here's the README file:


PADRE - Copyright (C) 1994-1995 Matthew T. Stahl and W. Patrick Walters.  All
Rights Reserved.

PADRE - Population Analysis and Duplicate Removal

PADRE is a general purpose utility that can be used to analyse the results
of conformational searches, and to measure similarity and differences
between molecules.  The program will be made available for a number of
Unix platforms (Irix, Ultrix, Linux, more to come...).  Some of the
highlighted capabilities include: 

- molecular overlap based on sterics and electronics
- cluster analysis
- Tcl/Tk based dendogram viewer interface to RASMOL and other programs
- automatic removal of duplicates from a multi-conformer file
- RMS distance / torsional difference measurement
- automatic detection of topologically equivalent atoms (automorphisms)
- support for numerous input and output file types
- simple command line interface

Availability

PADRE is freeware and can be retreived from the Ohio Supercomputer Center
computational chemistry archive (www.ccl.net).

Installation

Retrieve the file padre_beta_(platform).tar.Z from www.ccl.net
using either ftp or a web browser.

ftp www.ccl.net
login: anonymous
password: your-e-mail-address
cd /pub/chemistry/software/UNIX/PADRE
binary
get padre_beta_(platform).tar.Z
quit

1.  uncompress padre_beta_(platform).tar.Z
2.  tar -xvf padre_beta_(platform).tar
3.  follow the instructions in the PADRE.DOC


-----------------------------------------------------------------------
   Matthew Stahl, Ph.D., Harvard University, stahl@lhasa.harvard.edu
 Voice (617) 495-2654, Fax (617) 495-1823  "Illegitimi Non Carborundum"
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

"Reintegration complete," ZORAC advised.  "We're back in the universe
again ..."  An unusually long pause followed, "... but I don't know
which part.  We seem to have changed our position in space."  A
spherical display in the middle of the floor illuminated to show the
starfield surrounding the ship.

"Several large, artificial constructions are approaching us," ZORAC
announced after a short pause.  "The designs are not familiar, but they
are obviously the products of intelligence.  Implications: we have been
intercepted deliberately by a means unknown, for a purpose unknown, and
transferred to a place unknown by a form of intelligence unknown.
Apart from the unknowns, everything is obvious."
		-- James P. Hogan, "Giants Star"


