From stoutepf@chemsci1.es.dupont.com Sun Aug 21 10:39:48 1994 Received: from gatekeeper.es.dupont.com for stoutepf@chemsci1.es.dupont.com by www.ccl.net (8.6.9/930601.1506) id KAA07958; Sun, 21 Aug 1994 10:26:44 -0400 Received: by gatekeeper.es.dupont.com; id AA01179; Sun, 21 Aug 94 10:26:43 -0400 Received: by chemsci1.es.dupont.com (4.1/SMI-4.1) id AA04360; Sun, 21 Aug 94 10:24:06 EDT Date: Sun, 21 Aug 94 10:24:06 EDT From: stoutepf@chemsci1.es.dupont.com (Pieter Stouten) Message-Id: <9408211424.AA04360@chemsci1.es.dupont.com> To: chemistry@ccl.net, stoutepf@gatekeeper.es.dupont.com Subject: Linus Pauling At the age of 93, Linus Pauling, a brilliant chemist and the only man to win two Nobel prizes in different categories, passed away on his estate in California. In 1954, Pauling received the Nobel prize for chemistry for his research of, among others, proteins and antibodies. After the development of the nuclear bomb, Pauling became a convinced pacifist. In 1958 he presented a petition to the UN, signed by 11,000 scientists, which strongly protested against nuclear experiments. In 1963, he received the Nobel prize for peace. (Source: Dutch Teletekst, available through the World Wide Web) From shenkin@still3.chem.columbia.edu Sun Aug 21 17:39:52 1994 Received: from still3.chem.columbia.edu for shenkin@still3.chem.columbia.edu by www.ccl.net (8.6.9/930601.1506) id RAA09640; Sun, 21 Aug 1994 17:21:56 -0400 Received: by still3.chem.columbia.edu (931110.SGI/930416.SGI.AUTO) for chemistry@ccl.net id AA00814; Sun, 21 Aug 94 17:20:12 -0400 From: "Peter Shenkin" Message-Id: <9408211720.ZM812@still3.chem.columbia.edu> Date: Sun, 21 Aug 1994 17:20:00 -0400 In-Reply-To: stoutepf@chemsci1.es.dupont.com (Pieter Stouten) "CCL:Linus Pauling" (Aug 21, 10:24am) References: <9408211424.AA04360@chemsci1.es.dupont.com> X-Mailer: Z-Mail (3.1.0 22feb94 MediaMail) To: stoutepf@chemsci1.es.dupont.com (Pieter Stouten), chemistry@ccl.net, stoutepf@gatekeeper.es.dupont.com Subject: Re: CCL:Linus Pauling Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Mime-Version: 1.0 On Aug 21, 10:24am, Pieter Stouten wrote: > Subject: CCL:Linus Pauling > At the age of 93, Linus Pauling, a brilliant chemist and the only man to > win two Nobel prizes in different categories, passed away on his estate > in California..... It's difficult to overestimate Pauling's contributions to the ways we think of things chemical. Perhaps some others would like to add to or elaborate on (or to correct, if appropriate) the following few examples: Pauling was one of the first chemists to understand the implications of quantum theory for chemistry. Probably his major contribution was rationalizing, in terms of the new physics, the traditional language that chemists had already been using to describe molecular structure, and thereby showing how important it was for chemists to understand these new ideas. Recall that prior to Schroedinger, nobody had the slightest idea why a covalent bond should form. Pauling also had an important role in taking these fundamental physical laws and reducing them to qualitative rules that could explain a whole lot of chemistry; an example is the concept of electronegativity. Also, resonance, though in use as a chemical concept before quantum mechanics, was shown by Pauling to be consistent with quantum mechanics. Pauling predicted that because of resonance, the peptide bond should be rigid and planar. This simplified efforts to understand protein structure. Pauling predicted the existence of the alpha helix in globular proteins long before X-ray structures demonstrated that they occurred. He had a few dead ends, too. For example, his theory of the immune system (that antibodies were "plastic", and could conform to an antigen and keep that conformation, thus keeping a history of past exposure) turned out to be completely wrong. And the jury is still out on the question whether taking massive doses of vitamin C does anybody any good. But most would agree that Pauling was the greatest chemist of the 20th century -- at least so far. (We still have 6 years, after all.... :-) ) -P. -- ******************** Baseball -- 1839 - 1994: RIP ******************** *Peter S. Shenkin, Box 768 Havemeyer Hall, Chemistry, Columbia Univ.,* *New York, NY 10027; shenkin@columbia.edu; (212) 854-5143 * ******************** Woodstock -- 1969 - 1969: RIP ******************* From jmeehan@cc.utas.edu.au Sun Aug 21 19:39:55 1994 Received: from corinna.its.utas.edu.au for jmeehan@cc.utas.edu.au by www.ccl.net (8.6.9/930601.1506) id SAA10043; Sun, 21 Aug 1994 18:46:54 -0400 Received: from tasman.cc.utas.edu.au by corinna.its.utas.edu.au with SMTP id AA04116 (5.67a/IDA-1.5 for ); Mon, 22 Aug 1994 08:45:07 +1000 Date: Mon, 22 Aug 1994 08:40:03 +1000 (EST) From: John Meehan Subject: Re: CCL:Linus Pauling To: Peter Shenkin Cc: Pieter Stouten , chemistry@ccl.net, stoutepf@gatekeeper.es.dupont.com In-Reply-To: <9408211720.ZM812@still3.chem.columbia.edu> Message-Id: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII G'day everyone > > At the age of 93, Linus Pauling, a brilliant chemist and the only man to > > win two Nobel prizes in different categories, passed away on his estate > > in California..... > > He had a few dead ends, too. For example, his theory of the immune > system (that antibodies were "plastic", and could conform to an antigen > and keep that conformation, thus keeping a history of past exposure) > turned out to be completely wrong. And the jury is still out on the > question whether taking massive doses of vitamin C does anybody any good. > But most would agree that Pauling was the greatest chemist of the > 20th century -- at least so far. (We still have 6 years, after all.... :-) ) Pretty much so....it's a petty though that for all that he achieved, in the popular media he will forever be known for his feelings on Vit. C. Be the idea right or wrong its unfortunate that his greatest work will probably go unnoticed by most because of this. Be prepared for a re-awakening of the Vit. C story I guess :-) Cheers John ---------------------------------------------- John Meehan O CH2-COOH Department of Biochemistry " / University of Tasmania, HO-P-O-C-COOH Australia | \ HO CH2-COOH PHOSPHOCITRIC ACID ---- A powerful, natural inhibitor of Pathological Biomineralization ---------------------------------------------- From hughc@extro.ucc.su.oz.au Sun Aug 21 22:39:59 1994 Received: from extra.ucc.su.OZ.AU for hughc@extro.ucc.su.oz.au by www.ccl.net (8.6.9/930601.1506) id VAA11201; Sun, 21 Aug 1994 21:50:25 -0400 Received: from hugh (hugh.pharmacol.su.OZ.AU [129.78.41.50]) by extra.ucc.su.OZ.AU (8.6.8.1/8.6.6) with SMTP id LAA08882 for ; Mon, 22 Aug 1994 11:50:17 +1000 Message-Id: <199408220150.LAA08882@extra.ucc.su.OZ.AU> X-Sender: hughc@postbox.su.edu.au Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Date: Mon, 22 Aug 1994 11:50:57 +1100 To: chemistry@ccl.net From: hughc@extro.ucc.su.OZ.AU (Hugh Capper) Subject: GRID X-Mailer: Dear Netters, Can someone give me some information on the program GRID? Thanks for the help, Hugh Capper