From zhu@marge.phys.uh.edu  Tue Mar  7 00:10:22 1995
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From: zhu@marge.phys.uh.edu (Wie Zhu)
Message-Id: <9503070456.AA23256@marge.phys.uh.edu>
Subject: support-letter: sample
To: chemistry@ccl.net
Date: Mon, 6 Mar 95 22:56:19 CST
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Dear CCLers,

Could some one kindly send me a copy of sample-support-letter?

Thx in advance.

Wie Zhu

From cmartin@rainbow.uchicago.edu  Tue Mar  7 03:10:16 1995
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From: cmartin@rainbow.uchicago.edu (Charles Martin)
Message-Id: <9503070729.AA03772@rainbow.uchicago.edu>
Subject: Convergence of CASSCF calculations
To: chemistry@ccl.net
Date: Tue, 7 Mar 1995 01:29:56 -0600 (CST)
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Netters,
	Recently one of the grad students in our group has been using
Gaussian CASSCF calculations to describe the excited state potential
energy surface of a long chain polyene:

	C=C-C=C-C=C-C=C-C=NH2(+)   (the polyene is twisted and has no symmetry)

	He has been unable, however, to converge the CASSCF(2nd root)
calculations at some of the twisted geometries.


	Of course, there could be a near degeneracy which is causing
the problem, but I am also suspecting that CASSCF orbitals which Gaussian
uses may be inappropriate, and that instead the virtual orbitals for the
CASSCF active space calculation should be some Unitary Transformation
of the HF orbitals which Gaussian uses (like Improved Virtual Orbitals).


	First, I am wondering if anyone else has had similar experiences
and could offer some insight or suggestions.

	Second, I would like to know if anyone has a proogram which will
perform such Unitary Transformations with Gaussian, or will I have to
write my own or use a different package.

	Third, just out of curiosity, do any other packages perform 
such feats with ease?  For instance, I have programs which will do this 
using the COLUMBUS suite of codes, but the COLUMBUS codes and my adjoining 
codes are pretty  low compared to Gaussian.  On the other hand, COLUMBUS
is pretty easy to interface to, although I do not know alot about the
internal components of the other packages available.  Perhaps we could
open up a discussion about this.  For instance, are there mail lists
for users and programmers of specific packages (GAMESS, COLUMBUS, GAUSSIAN,
 etc.)


	With Best Regards

	Charles Martin
	Theoretical Biophysics
	The Beckman Institute
	The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
	(cmartin@ks.uiuc.edu)


From c00ayi00@nchc.gov.tw  Tue Mar  7 04:10:16 1995
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From: c00ayi00@nchc.gov.tw (Yi-Chun Tsai)
Subject: DGEOM95
To: chemistry@ccl.net
Date: Tue, 7 Mar 1995 16:46:56 +0800 (CST)
Cc: c00ayi00@nchc.gov.tw (Yi-Chun Tsai)
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Hi,Netters,

 As the Jeff Blaney mentioned,

> > I have been working with steroid conformational analysis in connection
> > with receptor modeling. I have generated several (typically 100) structu
res
> > (conformers) for each steroid using DGEOM program. Now I need to pick ou
t
> > those conformers that are unique. (DGEOM generated structures might conv
erge
> > to same minimum upon minimization). Any ideas on how to do that using
> > commercial modeling software or other shareware programs?
>
>
> The  new  release  of  DGEOM  (DGEOM95)  contains  an option to filter
> conformations based on RMS deviation.  There is also a new version  of
> COMPARE  (supplied  with DGEOM95) which uses Jarvis-Patrick clustering
> to cluster conformers based on RMS  deviation.   You  can  use  either
> approach to generate a unique set of conformers to an arbitrary cutoff
> based on RMS.
>
>
> Jeff Blaney
> Chiron
>

   Where I can get DGEOM95 the program? Thanks in advance.

   Yi-Chun Tsai


From GAO_YING-DUO_NONLILLY@Lilly.com  Tue Mar  7 09:10:24 1995
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	by www.ccl.net (8.6.10/930601.1506) id IAA06799; Tue, 7 Mar 1995 08:37:19 -0500
From: <GAO_YING-DUO_NONLILLY@Lilly.com>
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 07 Mar 1995 08:36:44 -0500 (EST)
Date: Tue, 07 Mar 1995 08:36:44 -0500 (EST)
Subject: modeling on A beta Amyloid
To: CHEMISTRY@ccl.net
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Dear Netters,

I'm thinking about starting modeling on A beta Amyloid Peptide, but can't
find articles related to this subject. Any references, suggestions and hint
would be helpful. 

I'll summarize the responses to the net.

Ying-Duo Gao

ydg@lilly.com
317-277-3439 (office)
317-277-1125 (FAX)

From: GAO YING-DUO NONLILLY         (MCVAX0::RXX2505)

To:   VMS MAIL ADDRESSEE            (IN::"CHEMISTRY@ccl.net")

From rvgloss@criba.edu.ar  Tue Mar  7 10:10:23 1995
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From: rvgloss@criba.edu.ar (Daniel Glossman)
Message-Id: <9503071528.AA27618@criba.edu.ar>
To: chemistry@ccl.net
Subject: Gaussian z-matrix


Dear netters:

I am trying to dos some calculations with Gaussian 92. Is there anybody 
out there who can tell me an elegant way of writing the Gaussian z-matrix
for pyrrol with C2v symmetry?

Thanks in advance

				Daniel Glossman

Programama QUINOR - UNLP
Republica Argentina

E-mail: rvgloss@arcriba.edu.ar

From D.A.Buttar@bath.ac.uk  Tue Mar  7 10:15:10 1995
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Date:     Tue, 7 Mar 95 14:32:36 GMT
From: David Buttar <D.A.Buttar@bath.ac.uk>
To: CHEMISTRY@ccl.net
Subject:  AM1 parameters
Organization:  University of Bath
Message-ID:  <9503071432.aa13503@ss1.bath.ac.uk>


 Has anyone performed any modifications to the zinc parameterisation
in AM1, especially with relation to zinc nitrogen parameters. I would
be interested in hearing of any work that had been done.

                        Thanks,
                               David
 
*************************************************************************
*   David Buttar                   Tel.(0225) 826 826 ext.5137          *
*   (Research Fellow)                                                   * 
*   Chemistry Dept.                E-mail chsdab@uk.ac.bath.midge       *
*   University of Bath                                                  *
*   Claverton Down                                                      *
*   Bath                                                                * 
*   U.K.                                                                *
*                                                                       *
*************************************************************************

From nauss@ucmod2.che.uc.EDU  Tue Mar  7 10:22:19 1995
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Date: Tue, 07 Mar 1995 09:16:31 -0500
From: nauss@ucmod2.che.uc.EDU (Jeffrey L. Nauss)
Subject: Re:  CCL:CCL support
To: CHEMISTRY@ccl.net
Cc: Marla Babcock <MARLA@chemf.rutgers.edu>
Reply-to: nauss@ucmod2.che.uc.EDU
Message-id: <9503071416.AA04743@ucmod2.che.uc.edu>
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>From: Marla Babcock <MARLA@chemf.rutgers.edu>

>Can someone please repost the information necessary to send support to
>Jan and the CCL. How much time is there left for support letters to get
>through?

Use Mosaic or some other WWW browser to get the information from 
http://www.ccl.net/chemistry.html.  The information can be found 
under "Proposal for list future development."

If anyone would like a copy of my letter, look on my home page at 
http://ucmodl.che.uc.edu/~nauss/homepage.html.  The link is at the top
of the page.

						Jeff Nauss

****************************************************************************
*  UU    UU             Jeffrey L. Nauss, PhD                              *
*  UU    UU             Director, Molecular Modeling Services              *
*  UU    UU             Department of Chemistry                            *
*  UU    UU CCCCCCC     University of Cincinnati                           *
*   UU  UU CCCCCCCC     Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172                          *
*    UUUU CC                                                               *
*         CC            Telephone: 513-556-0148    Fax: 513-556-9239       *
*         CC                                                               *
*          CCCCCCCC     e-mail: nauss@ucmod2.che.uc.edu                    *
*           CCCCCCC     http://ucmodl.che.uc.edu/~nauss/homepage.html      *
****************************************************************************


From TILBROOK@chem.surrey.ac.uk  Tue Mar  7 10:29:43 1995
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To: CHEMISTRY@ccl.net
From: David <TILBROOK@chem.surrey.ac.uk>
Organization: Chemistry Department, Uni of Surrey
Date:         Tue, 7 Mar 1995 14:56:42 GMT
Subject:      Modelling IR Vibrational Modes.
Priority: normal
X-Mailer:     WinPMail v1.0 (R1)


Dear CCL

Sometime ago I posted a question regarding the simulation of IR 
vibrational modes. Asking for the pro's and con's of various methods. 
I now have access to both semi-empirical methods (MOPAC) and 
molecular mechanics (in the form of Cerius2 by MSI).

What I would be very interested to hear from anyone invloved in 
similar work. I have a number of questions to pose you.

1.If you are doing MD work what kind of time scale and duration do 
   you have to run on to get reasonable results?

 I am presently using a time slice of 0.0001 ps and doing of the order 
of 100 000 iterations to provide a trajectory file to pass onto the VAC 
code.

2. What kind of scaling do you find is necessary to give good values  
   for vibrational frequencies?

The results I have obtained using UFF with the cross terms 
implemented by MSI seem to be okay but for the most part are off by 
a factor of approximately 0.9 (although some C-H bands seem to be 
quite close to the experimental values without scaling).

In the vibrational visualisation module for MOPAC under Cerius2 v1.6 
uses and standard scaling for all frequencies calculated by the 
FORCE option under MOPAC of 0.893 (quite similar to the discrepancy 
observed with the UFF calculations)

3. Can anybody tell me why this 'magic number' 0.9? Is there any 
    theoretical basis for it's use or is it simply a fudge factor that 
    seems to work?

Any help you can give me with these questions or any comments you 
wish to make about the subject of IR simulation in general will be 
gratefully received and summarised to the list in due course.

Thanks in advance and Kindest Regards


David Tilbrook
**********************************************************
David Tilbrook              *   Tel: 44 1483 300 800 x 9591
Polymer Group,              *                        x 2617
Chemistry Department,       *
University of Surrey,       *   Fax: 44 1483 259 514
Guildford, Surrey, GU2 5XH  *
U.K.                        *
**********************************************************

From Jonathan.Connor@mailhost.mcc.ac.uk  Tue Mar  7 10:37:30 1995
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          id <05848-0@mailhost.mcc.ac.uk>; Tue, 7 Mar 1995 14:53:18 +0000
Subject: Wednesday at Kings
To: chemistry@ccl.net
Date: Tue, 7 Mar 1995 14:52:04 +0000 (GMT)
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Sender: Jonathan.Connor@mailhost.mcc.ac.uk


Forwarded message:
Delivery-Date: Mon, 6 Mar 1995 18:45:38 +0000
Message-Id: <21053.9503061840@tcibm2>
From: peterk@tc.mols.susx.ac.uk
Subject: Wednesday at Kings --- revised programme
To: J.N.L.Connor@manchester.ac.uk (Jonathan Connor), 
    udca700@bay.cc.kcl.ac.uk (M. A. ROBB), Richard.Hall@man.ac.uk, 
    aml@theor.ch.cam.ac.uk, F.Gogtas@bris.ac.uk
Date: Mon, 6 Mar 1995 18:40:52 +0000 (GMT)
Content-Type: text
Content-Length: 1642

Royal Society of Chemistry
Theoretical Chemistry Group
Spring Meeting --- March 8th 1995

King's College, London

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------


Programme:

1330
     Chairman's Introduction, J. N. L. Connor (University of Manchester)

1340
     A Density Functional Model of Solvation, Richard Hall (University of
     Manchester).

1405
     Theoretical Study of non-conjugated enone rearrangements, Sarah Wilsey
     (King's College, London).

1430
     The Calculation of Magnetisabilities and Nuclear Shielding Tensors with
     Density Functional Theory, Aaron M. Lee (University of Cambridge).

1455
     Theoretical Study of ground and excited state isomerization and
     Fragmenation reactions of Ketene, Naoko Yamamoto (King's College, London).

1520
     Tea

1600
     Assessment of the Langevin dipoles solvation model for Hartree Fock
     wavefunctions, N. O. J. Malcolm (University of Manchester).

1625
     Time-Dependent Quantum Dynamics of Reactive Scattering: Li + HF -> LiF +
     H, Fahrettin Gogtas (University of Bristol).

1650
     Spin-Correlation effects in Radiation Chemistry, Charlotte Bolton (King's
     College, London).

1715
     Close

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------



    ------------------------------------------------------------------------



-- 
Dr. Peter J. Knowles                        | P.J.Knowles@Sussex.ac.uk
School of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, |
University of Sussex,                       | Phone: +44-1273-678624
Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, UK.              | Fax:   +44-1273-677196

-- 
******************************************************************************
 Professor J.N.L. Connor,     Phone(direct line): 061-275-4693 (national)
 Department of Chemistry,                     :+44-61-275-4693 (international)
 University of Manchester,
 Manchester M13 9PL,            Phone(secretary): 061-275-4686 or 4600
 England.                                    Fax: 061-275-4734 or 4598  
****************************************************************************** 


From gabriel@jg1.bchem.temple.edu  Tue Mar  7 11:10:30 1995
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Date: Tue, 7 Mar 95 06:41:58 -0800
From: gabriel@jg1.bchem.temple.edu (Dr. Jerome L. Gabriel)
Message-Id: <9503071441.AA21545@jg1.bchem.temple.edu>
To: CHEMISTRY@ccl.net
Subject: Xservers for WindowsDear CCLers



I would like to be able to display graphics from my SGI workstation at home
on my PC. My internet access provider will provide a slp account which
runs  winsoc. I would appreciate hearing from anyone who has experience
with Xservers for Windows which are compatible with winsoc. Please respond 
directly to me and I will summarize for the net. 

Thank you for your help.


Jerome L. Gabriel               Department of Biochemistry , 406 MRB
1-215-707-1517                  Temple University Medical School
1-215-707-7536(FAX)             3420 N. Broad Street 
gabriel@jg1.bchem.temple.edu    Philadelphia, PA 19140 


From gabriel@jg1.bchem.temple.edu  Tue Mar  7 11:30:01 1995
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	by www.ccl.net (8.6.10/930601.1506) id KAA08795; Tue, 7 Mar 1995 10:31:40 -0500
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	for chemistry@ccl.net id AA21525; Tue, 7 Mar 95 06:40:30 -0800
Date: Tue, 7 Mar 95 06:40:30 -0800
From: gabriel@jg1.bchem.temple.edu (Dr. Jerome L. Gabriel)
Message-Id: <9503071440.AA21525@jg1.bchem.temple.edu>
To: chemistry@ccl.net
Subject: Xservers for Windows


Dear CCLers

I would like to be able to display graphics from my SGI workstation at home
on my PC. My internet access provider will provide a slp account which
runs  winsoc. I would appreciate hearing from anyone who has experience
with Xservers for Windows which are compatible with winsoc. Please respond 
directly to me and I will summarize for the net. 

Thank you for your help.


Jerome L. Gabriel               Department of Biochemistry , 406 MRB
1-215-707-1517                  Temple University Medical School
1-215-707-7536(FAX)             3420 N. Broad Street 
gabriel@jg1.bchem.temple.edu    Philadelphia, PA 19140 


From john@cv1.chem.purdue.edu  Tue Mar  7 13:10:35 1995
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	by www.ccl.net (8.6.10/930601.1506) id MAA11799; Tue, 7 Mar 1995 12:55:26 -0500
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Date: Tue, 7 Mar 95 13:03:13 -0500
From: john@cv1.chem.purdue.edu (John J. Nash)
Message-Id: <9503071803.AA26072@cv1.chem.purdue.edu>
To: chemistry@ccl.net, Z-matrix@cv1.chem.purdue.edu
Subject: Pyrrole


Dear Daniel,

I whipped out a z-matrix for you:

x
h,1,1.0
x,2,1.0,1,90.0
n,2,r1,3,90.0,1,180.0
c,4,r2,2,a1,3,-90.0
c,4,r2,2,a1,3,90.0
c,5,r3,4,a2,2,180.0
c,6,r3,4,a2,2,180.0
h,5,r4,4,a3,2,0.0
h,6,r4,4,a3,2,0.0
h,7,r5,5,a4,4,180.0
h,8,r5,6,a4,4,180.0

I will let you supply the various geometric parameters (i.e., r1, r2, a1,...).

I think this should come out perfectly as C2v.

Good luck!

Sincerely,
John J. Nash
Purdue University
john@cv1.chem.purdue.edu



From john@cv1.chem.purdue.edu  Tue Mar  7 13:16:21 1995
Received: from mentor.cc.purdue.edu  for john@cv1.chem.purdue.edu
	by www.ccl.net (8.6.10/930601.1506) id MAA11812; Tue, 7 Mar 1995 12:56:14 -0500
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Date: Tue, 7 Mar 95 13:04:01 -0500
From: john@cv1.chem.purdue.edu (John J. Nash)
Message-Id: <9503071804.AA26082@cv1.chem.purdue.edu>
To: chemistry@ccl.net
Subject: Pyrrole


Dear Daniel,

I whipped out a z-matrix for you:

x
h,1,1.0
x,2,1.0,1,90.0
n,2,r1,3,90.0,1,180.0
c,4,r2,2,a1,3,-90.0
c,4,r2,2,a1,3,90.0
c,5,r3,4,a2,2,180.0
c,6,r3,4,a2,2,180.0
h,5,r4,4,a3,2,0.0
h,6,r4,4,a3,2,0.0
h,7,r5,5,a4,4,180.0
h,8,r5,6,a4,4,180.0

I will let you supply the various geometric parameters (i.e., r1, r2, a1,...).

I think this should come out perfectly as C2v.

Good luck!

Sincerely,
John J. Nash
Purdue University
john@cv1.chem.purdue.edu



From elewars@alchemy.chem.utoronto.ca  Tue Mar  7 16:12:33 1995
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Date: Tue, 7 Mar 1995 16:02:45 -0500
From: "E. Lewars" <elewars@alchemy.chem.utoronto.ca>
Message-Id: <199503072102.QAA07340@alchemy.chem.utoronto.ca>
To: chemistry@ccl.net
Subject: PYRROLE Z-MATRIX


Daniel Glossman asked about a Z-matrix for pyrrole.  Here's one.
The internal coord's of atoms in cyclic systems shouldn't be defined
sequentially, because of the ratcheting effect (Tim Clark, *A Handbook of
Computational Chemistry*).  Labelling distances X2N1..., angles A432..., and
dihedrals D4321.... will make Z-matrices easier to interpret, till the happy
day when they are extinct.
The input param's are from a MM opt with the Sybil forcefield, using Spartan
for visualization.
===========

# am1

PYRROLE, C2V

0 1
N1
X2       N1    X2N1
C3       X2    C3X2      N1    90.
C4       C3    C4C3      X2    A432    N1      0.
C5       X2    C3X2      N1    90.     C3    180.
C6       C5    C4C3      X2    A432    N1      0.
H7       C6    H7C6      C5    A765    X2    180.
H8       C5    H8C5      C6    A856    X2    180.
H9       C3    H8C5      C4    A856    X2    180.
H10      C4    H7C6      C3    A765    X2    180.
H11      X2    H11X2     C3    90.     C4      0.

        X2N1         1.9970
        C3X2         0.7345
        C4C3         1.3351
        H7C6         1.090
        H8C5         1.089                               z
        A432       105.5                               /\
        A765       125.8                 H9            |            H8
        A856       127.5                   \           |          /
        H11X2        3.029                   \         |        /
                                               C3------X2-----C5
                                              /        |        \
                                  H10--- C4 /          |          \C6 ---H7
                                                       |
                                                       |
                            x < ----------------------N1
                                                      /|
                                                     / |
                                                   /   H11
                                                 y



From rameshg@umich.edu  Tue Mar  7 18:10:32 1995
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On Tue, 7 Mar 1995, Yi-Chun Tsai wrote:

> 
> 
> Hi,Netters,
> 
>  As the Jeff Blaney mentioned,
> 
> > The  new  release  of  DGEOM  (DGEOM95)  contains  an option to filter
> > conformations based on RMS deviation.  There is also a new version  of
> > COMPARE  (supplied  with DGEOM95) which uses Jarvis-Patrick clustering
> > to cluster conformers based on RMS  deviation.   You  can  use  either
> > approach to generate a unique set of conformers to an arbitrary cutoff
> > based on RMS.
> >
> >
> > Jeff Blaney
> > Chiron
> >
> 
>    Where I can get DGEOM95 the program? Thanks in advance.
> 
>    Yi-Chun Tsai
> 
> 
DGEOM 95 is available with QCPE (Quantum Chemistry Program Exchange)
at the Chemistry Dept. of Indiana University, Bloomington IN.
I do not have their address with me on hand (I'm sure you probably received
other responses with full details). QCPE info can be accessed on the Web.
Ramesh G (rameshg@umich.edu).



From landman@hal.physics.wayne.edu  Tue Mar  7 19:10:29 1995
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Date: Tue, 7 Mar 1995 18:17:10 -0500 (EST)
From: Joe Landman <landman@hal.physics.wayne.edu>
Subject: Re: CCL:Xservers for WindowsDear CCLers
To: "Dr. Jerome L. Gabriel" <gabriel@jg1.bchem.temple.edu>
Cc: CHEMISTRY@ccl.net
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Jerome:

  I use OS/2 Warp + TCPIP for OS/2 v 2.0 + PMX x server.  I can run 
all my x apps at home over the modem.  I warn you that this is painful
except for xapps that dont transfer much information.

Joe

On Tue, 7 Mar 1995, Dr. Jerome L. Gabriel wrote:

> 
> I would like to be able to display graphics from my SGI workstation at home
> on my PC. My internet access provider will provide a slp account which
> runs  winsoc. I would appreciate hearing from anyone who has experience
> with Xservers for Windows which are compatible with winsoc. Please respond 
> directly to me and I will summarize for the net. 
> 
> Thank you for your help.
> 
> 
> Jerome L. Gabriel               Department of Biochemistry , 406 MRB
> 1-215-707-1517                  Temple University Medical School
> 1-215-707-7536(FAX)             3420 N. Broad Street 
> gabriel@jg1.bchem.temple.edu    Philadelphia, PA 19140 
> 
> 
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> 

From TILBROOK@chem.surrey.ac.uk  Tue Mar  7 19:24:41 1995
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To: CHEMISTRY@ccl.net
From: Dave <TILBROOK@chem.surrey.ac.uk>
Organization: Chemistry Department, Uni of Surrey
Date:         7 Mar 95 23:45:51 GMT
Subject:      Frequency Scaling (Summ) and Thanks!
Priority: normal
X-Mailer:     Pegasus Mail v2.3 (R5).


Dear CCL

To start off with many thanks to everyone who replied so promptly
to the question about vibrational scaling. The original question is
enclosed followed by the various responses that I recieved.

ORIGINAL MESSAGE
----------------
Dear CCL

Sometime ago I posted a question regarding the simulation of IR 
vibrational modes. Asking for the pro's and con's of various methods. 
I now have access to both semi-empirical methods (MOPAC) and 
molecular mechanics (in the form of Cerius2 by MSI).

What I would be very interested to hear from anyone invloved in 
similar work. I have a number of questions to pose you.

1.If you are doing MD work what kind of time scale and duration do 
   you have to run on to get reasonable results?

 I am presently using a time slice of 0.0001 ps and doing of the order 
of 100 000 iterations to provide a trajectory file to pass onto the VAC 
code.

2. What kind of scaling do you find is necessary to give good values  
   for vibrational frequencies?

The results I have obtained using UFF with the cross terms 
implemented by MSI seem to be okay but for the most part are off by 
a factor of approximately 0.9 (although some C-H bands seem to be 
quite close to the experimental values without scaling).

In the vibrational visualisation module for MOPAC under Cerius2 v1.6 
uses and standard scaling for all frequencies calculated by the 
FORCE option under MOPAC of 0.893 (quite similar to the discrepancy 
observed with the UFF calculations)

3. Can anybody tell me why this 'magic number' 0.9? Is there any 
    theoretical basis for it's use or is it simply a fudge factor that 
    seems to work?

Any help you can give me with these questions or any comments you 
wish to make about the subject of IR simulation in general will be 
gratefully received and summarised to the list in due course.

Thanks in advance and Kindest Regards


David Tilbrook
**********************************************************
David Tilbrook              *   Tel: 44 1483 300 800 x 9591
Polymer Group,              *                        x 2617
Chemistry Department,       *
University of Surrey,       *   Fax: 44 1483 259 514
Guildford, Surrey, GU2 5XH  *
U.K.                        *
**********************************************************
RESPONSES
==========
From: Anthony P Scott <Anthony.Scott@anu.edu.au>
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Date: Wed, 8 Mar 1995 09:25:23 +1000
Message-Id: <199503072325.JAA28130@huxley.anu.edu.au>
To: TILBROOK@chem.surrey.ac.uk
Subject: frequency scaling.
Cc: aps501@anugpo.anu.edu.au


Hi,

I can't say where the mopac frequency scaling factor of 0.893 came from but
it looks awfully close to the HF/6-31g* scale factor derived by us. I suspect
that a comprehensive study similar to our one has not been carried out for
the semi-empirical methods.

The scale factor is of course designed to correct fot he harmonic frequencies
calculated being compared to anharmonic frequencies found by experiment.

See our paper: Isr. J. Chem. 33, 1993 p345

Hope this helps.

Kind regards,

Anthony P. Scott
Research Officer
Computational Chemistry Group
Research School of Chemistry
Australian National University
Canberra, ACT, Australia
==========================================================================
From: John Sichel <sichelj@Umoncton.CA>
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Subject: Re: CCL:Modelling IR Vibrational Modes.
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On Tue, 7 Mar 1995, David wrote:

> 3. Can anybody tell me why this 'magic number' 0.9? Is there any 
>     theoretical basis for it's use or is it simply a fudge factor that 
>     seems to work?

This question was asked by Peter Gedeck about two months ago. I attach a 
copy of his summary dated 10 Jan 1995 which I saved in my files. There may 
be more in the CCL archives at about the same date.

  John Sichel, Universite de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada

Date: Tue, 10 Jan 1995 13:42:20 +0100 (NFT)
From: Peter Gedeck <gedeck@pctc.chemie.uni-erlangen.de>
To: CHEMISTRY@ccl.net
Cc: Peter Freunscht <freunsch@pctc.chemie.uni-erlangen.de>,
    czernek@chemi.muni.cz, jabs@cis.biochemtech.uni-halle.de
Subject: CCL:Summary - Scaling of vibrational frequencies


I received a lot of responses for the following question:

>this time I would like to ask, why vibrational frequencies are usually
>scaled by a factor (0.89-0.9)?
>
>As far as I know, this is independent of the calculational method used
>(ab-initio or semiempirical). So, is it a deficiency of the theoretical
>approach or is it just a question of the accuracy of the calculation?

Thanks a lot to all who replied, 

Peter Gedeck <gedeck@pctc.chemie.uni-erlangen.de>


============================================================
Summary - Scaling of vibrational frequencies:
------------------------------------------------------------
Suggested literature:
o J. A. Pople, R. Krishnan, H. B. Schlegel, D. DeFrees, J. S. Binkley,
  M. J. Frisch, R. F. Whiteside, R. F. Hout and W. J. Hehre, Int. J.
  Quantum Chem., Quantum Chem. Symposium, 15 (1981) 269.

o MP2 scaling  D. J. DeFrees, J Comp Chem 82 (1985) 333.

o B.H. Besler, et.al., J. Chem. Phys. 89(1) (1988) 360.

o Possible sources of error in empirical scaling...  C. L. Janssen and
  H. F. Schaefer, J Chem Phys 95 (1991) 5128.

o J.F. Stanton, et.al., J. Chem. Phys. 94(1) (1991) 404.

o M. Flock and M. Ramek, Int J. Quantum Chem., 
  Quantum Chem. Symposium 27 (1993) 331-341.

o There is also a recent (ca. 1993) paper by Pople et al in Israel J Chem
  on scaling MP2 freqs.

o A. P. Scott et.al. Israel J. Chem. 33 (1993) 345. 

o Ab Initio Molecular Orbital Theory - by Hehre, Radom, Schleyer and Pople.
  (Wiley, New York, 1986)


Possible reasons for the deficiency of simple HF-calculations:
Vibrational frequencies are usually calculated from the normal mode 
frequencies using a harmonic osciallator model

 - Zero point energy
 - Anharmonicity in the vibrational potential energy surface 
 - Basis sets are too small 
 - neglect of electron correlation
 - the Hartree-Fock potential is too steep and therefore frequencies 
   too high.

============================================================
Following are all responses (edited):
------------------------------------------------------------
From: Dave Young <young@slater.cem.msu.edu>

The answer is that all of these frequencies are being computed with a
harmonic oscilator approximation.  For high frequency modes, the
difference between the harmonic oscilator prediction and the exact or
Morse potential like behavior is about 10% . If you try to look at very
low frequency modes, below a few hundred wave numbers, you will see that
the frequencies calculated are off by a large amount. 

------------------------------------------------------------
From: "David W. Ewing (216) 397-4241" <EWING@jcvaxa.jcu.edu>

There are three sources of error in the calculation of vibrational 
frequencies via ab initio methods: calculated frequencies are usually 
harmonic, basis sets are too samll, and electron correlation is neglected 
or inadequately treated.  For discussions of the last two factors, see

B.H. Besler, et.al., J. Chem. Phys. 89(1), 360 (1988).

J.F. Stanton, et.al., J. Chem. Phys. 94(1), 404 (1991).

------------------------------------------------------------
From: Anthony P Scott <Anthony.Scott@anu.edu.au>

The scaling of calculated harmonic vibrational frequencies to match the 
experimentally determined (anharmonic) vibrational frequencies
is designed to allow for the harmonic approximation that is used in the
theoretically determined values.

Our paper, Israel J. Chem. 1993, 33, 345 is a good place to start when
exploring this.

------------------------------------------------------------
From: Doug Fox <FOX@cmchem.chem.cmu.edu>

  The vibrational frequencies predicted by ab initio and semi empirical
methods are almost all harmonic approximations and limited in some respect
by the dissociation behaviour of the underlying method.  The first
approximation tends to produce values higher than experimental due to the
lack of anharmonic corrections.  The improper dissociation behaviour also
tends toward high estimates because most SCF based methods tend not to
dissociate and single configuration representations tend to be worse away
>from equilibrium.

  The remarkable result of the above facts is that for a wide range of
molecules studied at the HF level a scaling of 0.89 or about about 12%
brings the frequencies into good agreement with experiment.  Much better
than attempting to correct the problem with high order correlation treatments.
A different scaling should be used for MP2 or higher order corrected methods
but as you noted often this is not done.

   There is a good bit of discussion of the results in "Ab Initio Molecular
Orbital Theory" by Hehre, Radom, Schleyer and Pople.  There are some recent
papers which are revisiting this issue.  Aue and co-workers have told me they
have one in press using MP2 results.

------------------------------------------------------------
From: "E. Lewars" <elewars@alchemy.chem.utoronto.ca>

The general belief seems to be that it's because the calculations (which use the 
eigenvalues of a force constant matrix) assume the vibrations are harmonic.
However, it has been claimed that "this straightfoward looking consideration
is wrong..."; see M. Flock and M. Ramek, Int J. Quantum Chem., Quantum
Chem. Symposium 27, 331-341 (1993).  Some other refs to vib freq scaling are
Possible sources of error in empirical scaling...  C. L. Janssen and
H. F. Schaefer, J Chem Phys 1991 95 5128.
MP2 scaling  D. J. DeFrees, J Comp Chem 1985 82 333.
There is also a recent (ca. 1993) paper by Pople et al in Israel J Chem
on scaling MP2 freqs.

------------------------------------------------------------
From: Per-Ola Norrby <peon@medchem.dfh.dk>

	It's a little of both.  If you look at earlier postings to this
list, you can see that the correction factors are different for different
levels of theory, so low level calculations are certainly slightly
deficient in the description of the energy hypersurface.  However,
vibrational frequencies are usually calculated from the Hessian with no
consideration of higher derivatives.  This gives an harmonic approximation,
resulting in a slightly to "hard" system and too high calculated
frequencies.
	Naturally, having one scaling factor for all frequencies at one
level of theory is an oversimplification, but I don't know of anyone who
tried anything more complicated.  If you do, it might not be "ab initio"
anymore...

------------------------------------------------------------
From: Csonka Gabor <csonka@iris.inc.bme.hu>

The IR scaling factor IS method dependent. The 0.9
is for HF. For MP2 you should use different scaling.
For DFT or CCSD(T) you usually get the correct
harmonic frequencies within an error bar, so
no scaling is necessary. The scaling is mainly
for the zero point energy, and it may give wrong
results for individual freqs.

I refer to Hehre et al.: ad Initio MO Theory book
(Wiley, 1986) and the work P. Pulay and G. Fogarasy

------------------------------------------------------------
From: Adel El-Azhary <AZHARI@FRCU.EUN.EG>

The ab initio frequencies calculated at the Hartree Fock level are usually
overestimated by about 10-20%. This is due to the incompletness of the 
basis set used, neglect of anharmonicity and neglect of the electron 
correlation. Frequencies calculated at the MP2 level of theory are 
overestimated by about 5-10%. This is due to inclusion of the electron 
correlation at the second level but higher excitations in the wave 
funcation are also neglected. You can look at the JPC, 1987, there is 
a paper by R. Amos about furan, pyrrole and thiophene. These is also 
a paper accepted for publication very recently by Petr Bour in the JPC
where frequencies were calculated at the HF, MP2 and MP2 anharmonic also.
This is in addition to the other references mentioned in the e-mail you
received through the CCL.

------------------------------------------------------------
From: Janet Del Bene <@vm.gmd.de:FR042008@YSUB.BITNET>

    Ab initio calculations of vibrational frequencies at the
Hartree-Fock level are too high compared to experimental frequencies.
The scaling (0.89) is an empirical adjustment that brings the computed
frequencies into better agreement with the experimental. That computed
Hartree-Fock frequencies are too high is a result of two factors:

1) the computed frequencies are based on a parabolic potential and
   are harmonic, whereas the experimental frequencies are anharmonic;
2) the Hartree-Fock potential is too steep and as a result, frequencies
   are too high.

------------------------------------------------------------
From: @uunet.uu.net:aefrisch@m10.UUCP (AEleen Frisch)

The reference for the HF frequency scale factor is:

  J. A. Pople, R. Krishnan, H. B. Schlegel, D. DeFrees, J. S. Binkley,
  M. J. Frisch, R. F. Whiteside, R. F. Hout and W. J. Hehre, Int. J.
  Quantum Chem., Quantum Chem. Symposium, 15, 269 (1981).

Scaling is done to account for well-known, systematic errors in Hartree-Fock
frequencies due to its neglect of electron correlation.

------------------------------------------------------------
From: Kui Zhang <KZHANG@MIAMIU.ACS.MUOHIO.EDU>

The fellowing paper and book will answer your question:

J.A. Pople et al, Ab Initio Molecular Orbital Theory (Wiley, New York, 1986).
H.F. Schaefer III et al, J. Chem. Phys. 95, 5128 (1991).

------------------------------------------------------------
From: Eric Bittner <bittner@czar.cm.utexas.edu>
 
The scaling looks like a fudge factor to compensate for zero point
energy and anharmonicity in the vibrational potential energy surface.
In most structure calculations, the vbrational frequencies are just
the normal mode frequencies...i.e harmonic classical motion.

------------------------------------------------------------
From: Patrick Bultinck <Patrick.Bultinck@rug.ac.be>

Well, you can't really call it a deficiency in the calculation, but there 
is a deficiency in the model used for the vibrations... it's the harmonic 
approximation. This way you get frequencies that are too big, and that's 
why we use a 0.89 scaling factor. Intensities are even worse, they use 
the double harmonic approximations... 

I think about every book on advanced QC will give some insight (Daudel 
e.g., Pople et al. "Ab Initio MO theory...)

------------------------------------------------------------
From: Earl EVLETH p 74208 <ev@dim.jussieu.fr>

The scaling factor 0.89 came from HF 6-31G* level calculations.
Larger basis sets might change that scaling and MP2 level calculations
at the 6-31G* will change it into the 0.95 or 0.96 range. 

However, Pulay showed years ago when he did his modeling
of various structures, scaling factor depends on the type of vibration
one is dealing with, i.e. bond stretching, bond bending, and torsional
modes. He scaled force constants, not the final vibrational frequencies.
Therefore, the 0.89 magic number is just a convenient, practically
off-the-top-of-one's-head factor useable for HF 6-31G* calculations.
The computed low energy torsional modes are largely fiction and scaling
or not scaling them is a technical detail. As for nearly pure bending
and stretching (little coupling) these might be pretty good.  Some people
find that good old semiempirical calculations gives good unscaled results!

------------------------------------------------------------



Peter Gedeck
Inst. f. Physikalische Chemie I
Egerlandstrasse 3
91058 Erlangen
Germany

Tel: ++9131 - 85 7335  Fax: ++9131 - 85 8307
E-Mail: gedeck@pctc.chemie.uni-erlangen.de
WWW: http://pctc.chemie.uni-erlangen.de/~gedeck/gedeck.html

===========================================================================
From: bittner@czar.cm.utexas.edu (Eric Bittner)
Subject: Re: CCL:Modelling IR Vibrational Modes.

> 1.If you are doing MD work what kind of time scale and duration do 
>    you have to run on to get reasonable results?

If you're really interested in simulating IR spectra, you really
should solve the problem via quantum mechanics by either diagonalizing
the vibrational hamiltonian for a given potential surface or via
wavepacket propagation.  Both are very expensive for more than a few
degrees of freedom.

For MD work, the normal mode spectral should be pretty close to the
exact vibrational spectra for covalent and ionic bonds.  Wilson,
Decius, and Cross (Molecular Vibrations) discusses how to include
anharmonic effects, etc...

> 
> 2. What kind of scaling do you find is necessary to give good values  
>    for vibrational frequencies?
> 
> 3. Can anybody tell me why this 'magic number' 0.9? Is there any 
>     theoretical basis for it's use or is it simply a fudge factor that 
>     seems to work?

No deep theoretical basis, the scaling is basically a fudge factor to
account for  zero point motion, anharmonicity, etc...

Regards, 
Eric Bittner
=============================================================================
From: "Clifford LeMaster" <CLEMAST@quartz>
Organization:  Boise State University

Experimental frequencies need to be corrected for anharmonicity. This correction is 
typically 10-12% hence the 0.9 factor to "lower" the theoretical values. I believe that you 
may expect Hartree-Fock level vibrational calculations to normally be within ~5% of the 
corrected experimental values. These values may be on the high side but the inclusion of 
electron correlation should help to lower them. by shortening the bond lengths.
=========================================================================================


Again many thanks to those who responded

Regards

David Tilbrook

From steve@carbo.chem.binghamton.edu  Tue Mar  7 21:10:28 1995
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Date: Tue, 7 Mar 1995 20:36:41 -0500 (EST)
From: Steven Schafer <steve@carbo.chem.binghamton.edu>
Subject: Re: Drug Design?
To: chemistry@ccl.net
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	I recently posted a question:

        Does anyone know if there are any drugs that have been designed with
computer techniques and are now legally availible in the marketplace? ...


I received many response, including a few that said my question was a 
F.A.Q. question.  In the interest of conserving bandwidth, since it is 
a fairly large file, I will be sending the summary to people who have 
asked me to send it to them.  If you have not mailed me and would like me 
to send it to you just drop me a line.  I will be sending the summary 
within the next few days.

	Steven E. Schafer
	S.U.N.Y. Binghamton Chemistry Department
	http://chemiris.chem.binghamton.edu:8080
	Binghamton, New York   USA




From mmccar@postman.essex.ac.uk Tue Mar  7 10:02:51 1995
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From: Mccarron M <mmccar@essex.ac.uk>
Date: Tue, 7 Mar 95 14:59:48 GMT
Message-Id: <20272.9503071459@solb1.essex.ac.uk>
To: chemistry <chemistry@ccl.net>
Subject: CHARMM
Status: R



Has anybody out there got any explanatory free enrgy component analysis
scripts e.g.
BLOCK
COMP ....
thanks in advance
mmccar@essex.ac.uk


