From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Feb  5 02:55:37 1999
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From: Margaret Cheung <cheung@physics.ucsd.edu>
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To: kynn@panix.com
cc: chemistry@www.ccl.net
Subject: Re: CCL:G:Histogram method, redux
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Hi, KJ,

Thank you for raising such a fun topic to discuss about.
I guess there are some ideas needed to be carefully defined.

1. If the folding is "perfectly" two-state like behavior, and both the 
unfolded and folded states are locally stable on the energy landscape, 
then the free energy
diagram should have a double well like feature as a function of some
order parameters, such
as radius of gyration, contact numbers, or number of hydrogen bonds
formation etc. Such a feature which follows distinct two-state behaviors 
should be considered as the first order phase transition.
The transition temperature, also the folding
temperature (Tf) in this case, will be very sharp and smoothed out by the
finite size effect. The signature of Tf could be also obtained by
observing the
variation of fluctuations in the energys, specific heat, from the
simulation. So, by plotting Cv vs T, you can still get Tf from the energy
output from the simulation.

2. Your argument 4 can not be led to argument 5. What you observed in the 
simulation was related to the stability between the folded and the
unfolded states under various temperature.
It is the signature of the first order phase transition to have such a
free energy profile--when temperature is low, configuration space was
trapped around the folded state on the energy landscape and the MFPT (mean
first passage time) for such a configuration to escape from this local
minumum is indeed very long.
The result you had will be more related to the identification of
where transition states are along the reaction coordinates, instead of the
determination of thermodynamic value Tf.
	
More comments are welcomed.

Regards,
 
Margaret S. Cheung
Physics/Biophysics Department 0350
University of California, San Diego
9500 Gilman Drive,
La Jolla, CA 92093-0350

On Thu, 4 Feb 1999 kynn@panix.com wrote:

> 
> 
> 
> Thanks for the replies to my earlier query about the histogram method.
> I have attempted to read some of the references suggested (given
> below, for those interested, along with other references requested),
> but I must confess that I can barely understand them.  Before spending
> any more time trying to make sense of them, it would be wise to
> determine whether these methods would actually serve my purposes.  So
> here I give a schematic description of the problem I'm dealing with,
> in the hope that someone may be able to tell me whether the "multiple
> histogram method" would be of any use.
> 
> Consider a model of protein folding dynamics, with the following
> features:
> 
> 1. The folding is perfectly two-state, the two states being designated
> U (unfolded) and F (folded).  Moreover, the two states are well
> separated in terms of energy; i.e., if we were able to produce an
> energy histogram at the folding transition temperature (Tf), the
> distribution would be distinctly bimodal, with a largely unpopulated
> region separating the peaks corresponding to F and U.
> 
> 2. Let t_F(T) and t_U(T) be the mean passage times for the folding
> (U->F) and the unfolding (F->U) transitions, respectively, as
> functions of the temperature T.
> 
> 3. We distinguish three temperature regimes I < II < III.  In regime
> I, for all practical purposes, t_U(T) is infinite, while t_F(T) is
> "reasonably small".  Conversely, in regime III, t_F(T) is practically
> infinite, while t_U(T) is small.
> 
> 4. In regime II, a narrow neighborhood of the folding transition
> temperature Tf, both t_F(T) and t_U(T) are roughly equal, and both are
> extremely large (of the order of 2-3 CPU-weeks on our workstations).
> 
> (Of course, no sharp boundaries separate these three temperature
> regimes; t_F(T) and t_U(T) grow rapidly, as one approaches regime II
> from regime I and III, respectively.)
> 
> 5. Because of the slowing down described in 4, it is extremely
> difficult to determine Tf.
> 
> The single histogram method (which I described in my original post)
> would require a single run near Tf, long enough to sample both the F
> and U states in a way that actually reflects their relative
> probabilities.  For the reason mentioned in (4) and (5) this is
> impractical, which seems to rule out this method.
> 
> But it was suggested by a few responders to my earlier post that the
> *multiple* histogram method may be useful in this case.  The only way
> I can see to apply this method is by producing two histograms, one at
> temperature T1 in regime I to sample F, and one at temperature T3 in
> regime III to sample U.  Then, if we "absorb" the temperature into the
> definition of the Hamiltonian (as Ferrenberg and Swendsen do, see
> reference below), then this could be construed a case of having two
> "Hamiltonians", H/(k*T1) and H/(k*T2), (where H is the actual
> Hamiltonian, in the standard nomeclature).  Then I would use the
> method of Bennett (see reference below) to obtain a free energy
> difference between these two states (as a function of T).  Is this
> correct?
> 
> (The method of Ferrenberg and Swendsen is a generalization of
> Bennett's method to more than two histograms, if I've understood them
> correctly).
> 
> These multiple histogram methods require a certain amount of overlap
> between the histograms, which leads, for the system described above,
> to a somewhat paradoxical situation: the greater the overlap between
> the two states (meaning that neither P(U;T)/P(F;T) nor P(F;T)/P(U;T)
> is too small), the closer the simulation temperatures have to be to
> Tf, and therefore the longer it would take to adequately sample the
> phase space (as remarked in (4) above).  This suggests that the
> multiple histogram method would not be very useful either.  Am I
> right?
> 
> Thanks for your patience.  Below are the references mentioned above.
> Regards,
> 
> KJ
> 
> 


From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Feb  5 05:34:42 1999
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Dear CCL readers,

I would like to make you a couple of questions:

Using g98, I want to get the wavefunction in a *.wfn file.
With g94 I just had to specify the output=wfn command and the name of
the
file at the end of the input. According to the g98 manual, the same
thing
should be enough for g98, however, I am trying it and I don t get the 
wavefunction, does anybody know which is the problem?

And the second question, we are changing our operating system from
Windows to Linux, we have been able to read most of the windows files
we had with linux based programs, however we have a problem with the
articles database. We used Reference Manager to sort our database, and
know
we would like to read this database with a linux based database.
Does anybody know any database which works under linux, 
and might be able to read a database created 
using Reference Manager? 

Thank you all!

							Txema Mercero
							Grad. Student
							Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea

From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Feb  5 05:55:11 1999
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Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1999 11:54:54 +0100 (MEZ)
From: "Jerry C.C. Chan" <chan@uni-muenster.de>
To: chemistry@www.ccl.net
Subject: Calculations of Co-59 e2qQ/h 
In-Reply-To: <199901271004.LAA05878@sg10.chem.tue.nl>
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Dear Netters,

I would be grateful if anyone of you could give me pointers to articles
concerning calculations (ab initio or empirical) of quadrupolar coupling
constants of cobalt-59 systems.

Many thanks,
Jerry

******************************************************************
* Jerry Chun Chung CHAN                     chan@uni-muenster.de *
* Universitaet Muenster	                phone: 0049-251-83-29156 *
* Institut fuer Physikalische Chemie    fax:   0049-251-83-29159 *
* Schlossplatz 4-7						 *
* D-48149 Muenster						 *
* Germany							 *
******************************************************************


From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Feb  5 08:44:56 1999
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From: "Asim Kumar Debnath" <debnath@iris.nybc.org>
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Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1999 08:38:04 -0500
In-Reply-To: Steven.Creve@dsm-group.com
        "CCL:CCL:CoMFA software" (Feb  2,  9:31am)
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Hi Steven:
	Please look at http://www.tripos.com/fhome2.html where it describes
about QSAR with CoMFA. Hope this helps.

Asim

-- 



=======================================================================

             ***
             ***		Asim K. Debnath, Ph.D.
            ****		Assistant Member	
           **** 		Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute 
          ****  ***		The New York Blood Center
         ****    ****		310 E 67 Th Street
        ****  **  ****		New York, NY 10021
       ****  ****  ****		Tel. (212) 570-3373
      ****    **    ****	Fax. (212) 570-3299
       ****************		E-mail: adebnath@server.nybc.org
        **************					
					
========================================================================					
					
					
											


From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Feb  5 09:38:04 1999
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From: "Risser, Steve" <Rissers-C@BATTELLE.ORG>
Subject: periodic boundary conditions with DFT
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Hi All

Does anyone know of any existing DFT code that can perform calculations on
periodic systems, explicitly including symmetry? 
Thanks.

Steve

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------
Dr. Steven M Risser
	
Current Year
Associate Professor of Physics			Polymer Center
Texas A&M University-Commerce		Battelle Memorial Institute
Commerce TX 75429					505 King Avenue
	
Columbus, OH 43201-2693
	
(614) 424-3715
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------



From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Feb  5 09:59:16 1999
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Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1999 09:59:14 -0500 (EST)
From: "C.F. Matta" <mattacf@mcmail.cis.McMaster.CA>
To: ccl <chemistry@www.ccl.net>
Subject: Scanning Probe Microscopy
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Hi everybody,

First:
  I would much appreciate if you could point to me recent publications 
about modeling/computational studies of the interaction of the tip with
the substrate in Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) or/and Scanning Tunneling
Microscopy (STM).  

Second:
  In STM, a typical separation from the tip to the substarte is 3-10 A,
i.e. the tails of the wavefunctions of the tip and of the substrate are
crucial. Gaussian functions are not behaving physically at long distances.
Moreover, if the substrate consists of different atoms described with
basis functions decaying at different rates, this will overemphasize the
peacks due to the one decaying slower (the true wavefunction decays
at a single rate).  The Linearized Augmented PlaneWave method (LAPW), due 
to Tersoff & Hamann, is supposed to remedy for this.  
	(1) Is there other methods better than LAPWD?
	(2) Can one implement LAPWD in, say GAUSSIAN or GAMESS?
	(3) If the answer to (2) is YES, then HOW?
	(4) If NO, then what program(s) implements this method? 
	(5) Other suggestions?

Thank you all very much.  I will summarize.

Cherif
 .......................................................................
 Cherif F. Matta		  	tel. (905) 525-9140 ext. 22502
 Chemistry Department                   fax  (905) 522-2509
 McMaster University                      
 Hamilton, Ontario, CANADA L8S 4M1.
 .......................................................................


From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Feb  5 11:37:37 1999
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Date: Fri, 05 Feb 1999 10:40:23 -0600
From: plin@mail.chem.tamu.edu (Ping Lin)
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Subject: Summary: references and suggestions on theoretical ET study
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Hi,

Here is the summary for my question about the references on ET study,
only two responses point out some, a lot less than I expected. If any
one still have other suggestion, I would be very happy to summarize
again.

Thanks,

Ping Lin

Response 1:
----
Nicolas FERRE
Laboratoire de Chimie Theorique
Universite Henri Poincare Nancy 1
BP 239                                   E-mail : ferre@lctn.u-nancy.fr
54506 VANDOEUVRE-LES-NANCY Cedex
_______________
If you would consider some dynamical properties of quantum particle as
electron
transfer, I suggest you to read some papers of Bala. He solves
time-dependant
Shrodinger equation for a quantum particle in a time-independant
potential given
by hybrid quantum-classical or pure quantum method (Valence Bond).

Here is some references :

* P. Bala, P. Grochowski, B. Lesyng and J.A. McCammon
  "Quantum-Classical Molecular Dynamics. Models and Applications"
  in "Quantum Mechanical simulation methods for studying biological
systems"
  (1995) Springer

* P. Bala, P. Grochowski, B. Lesyng and J.A. McCammon
  "Quantum-Classical Molecular Dynamics of Proton Transfer Processes in
   Molecular Complexes and in Enzymes" J.Phys.Chem., 100 (7) 2535-2545


Response 2:
------
Wai-To Chan
Department of Chemistry
York University, Toronto
Ontario, Canada
________________

   Here is a recent paper about electron transfer study I happen to know

of.


"Electron tunneling in quasi-one-dimensional resonant molecular
 systems. Ab initio study."
Heifets, Daizadeh, Guo and Alexei A. Stuchebrukhov
Journal of physcial chemistry, vol 102, pg 2847 (1998).

----------------------------------
Thanks to all those responsed.


From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Feb  5 12:47:09 1999
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Subject: Re: CCL:G:Histogram method, redux (fwd)
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  I am forwarding this to the list on behalf of my colleague, Alan
  Ferrenberg.


From: Alan M. Ferrenberg <amf@arches.uga.edu>
Subject: Re: CCL:G:Histogram method, redux (fwd)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Date: Thu, 4 Feb 1999 15:41:42 -0500 (EST)
> From: kynn@panix.com
> To: chemistry@www.ccl.net
> Subject: CCL:G:Histogram method, redux
> Sender: Computational Chemistry List <chemistry-request@www.ccl.net>
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Thanks for the replies to my earlier query about the histogram method.
> I have attempted to read some of the references suggested (given
> below, for those interested, along with other references requested),
> but I must confess that I can barely understand them.  Before spending
> any more time trying to make sense of them, it would be wise to
> determine whether these methods would actually serve my purposes.  So
> here I give a schematic description of the problem I'm dealing with,
> in the hope that someone may be able to tell me whether the "multiple
> histogram method" would be of any use.
> 
> Consider a model of protein folding dynamics, with the following
> features:
> 
> 1. The folding is perfectly two-state, the two states being designated
> U (unfolded) and F (folded).  Moreover, the two states are well
> separated in terms of energy; i.e., if we were able to produce an
> energy histogram at the folding transition temperature (Tf), the
> distribution would be distinctly bimodal, with a largely unpopulated
> region separating the peaks corresponding to F and U.
> 
> 2. Let t_F(T) and t_U(T) be the mean passage times for the folding
> (U->F) and the unfolding (F->U) transitions, respectively, as
> functions of the temperature T.
> 
> 3. We distinguish three temperature regimes I < II < III.  In regime
> I, for all practical purposes, t_U(T) is infinite, while t_F(T) is
> "reasonably small".  Conversely, in regime III, t_F(T) is practically
> infinite, while t_U(T) is small.
> 
> 4. In regime II, a narrow neighborhood of the folding transition
> temperature Tf, both t_F(T) and t_U(T) are roughly equal, and both are
> extremely large (of the order of 2-3 CPU-weeks on our workstations).
> 
> (Of course, no sharp boundaries separate these three temperature
> regimes; t_F(T) and t_U(T) grow rapidly, as one approaches regime II
> from regime I and III, respectively.)
> 
> 5. Because of the slowing down described in 4, it is extremely
> difficult to determine Tf.
> 
> The single histogram method (which I described in my original post)
> would require a single run near Tf, long enough to sample both the F
> and U states in a way that actually reflects their relative
> probabilities.  For the reason mentioned in (4) and (5) this is
> impractical, which seems to rule out this method.
> 
> But it was suggested by a few responders to my earlier post that the
> *multiple* histogram method may be useful in this case.  The only way
> I can see to apply this method is by producing two histograms, one at
> temperature T1 in regime I to sample F, and one at temperature T3 in
> regime III to sample U.  Then, if we "absorb" the temperature into the
> definition of the Hamiltonian (as Ferrenberg and Swendsen do, see
> reference below), then this could be construed a case of having two
> "Hamiltonians", H/(k*T1) and H/(k*T2), (where H is the actual
> Hamiltonian, in the standard nomeclature).  Then I would use the
> method of Bennett (see reference below) to obtain a free energy
> difference between these two states (as a function of T).  Is this
> correct?
> 
> (The method of Ferrenberg and Swendsen is a generalization of
> Bennett's method to more than two histograms, if I've understood them
> correctly).
> 
> These multiple histogram methods require a certain amount of overlap
> between the histograms, which leads, for the system described above,
> to a somewhat paradoxical situation: the greater the overlap between
> the two states (meaning that neither P(U;T)/P(F;T) nor P(F;T)/P(U;T)
> is too small), the closer the simulation temperatures have to be to
> Tf, and therefore the longer it would take to adequately sample the
> phase space (as remarked in (4) above).  This suggests that the
> multiple histogram method would not be very useful either.  Am I
> right?
> 
> Thanks for your patience.  Below are the references mentioned above.
> Regards,
> 
> KJ
> 

As much as I'd like to push the merits of multiple histograms for this
problem, there are actually some much more efficient approaches that you
might want to consider.  The "multicanonical" simulation method was
designed to work well for magnetic systems with probabilitiy
distributions that have the same features as your distributions of folding
states.  In the multicanonical approach, instead of simulating at
different temperatures and combining the results later (like the F-S
multihistogram method), you bias your sampling with a distribution
function that preferentially samples in the "dead area" between the two
peaks.  This allows the simulation to cross from one state to the other
without a huge free-energy barrier.  The result is that the mean passage
times are dramatically reduced.  With some experimentation, you can get a
reasonably flat distribution of states, and then the passage from one
state to the other is like a random walk.  To get back to the canonical
ensemble, you reweight this "flat" distribution using the inverse of the
biasing function.

Here are some references to early papers describing the multicanonical
method:

  B. Berg and T. Neuhaus, Phys. Lett. B267, 249 (1991).
  B. Berg and T. Neuhaus, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 9 (1992).
  B. Berg, U. Hansmann and T. Neuhaus, Z. Phys. B90, 229 (1993).
  W. Janke, B. Berg and M. Katoot, Nucl. Phys. B382, 649 (1992).

There have been more recent papers, but these should be enough to give you
a feel for the method and decide if it will meets your needs.

Happy reweighting!

amf

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Adjunct Asst. Professor, Department of Physics
Computational Physics Consultant

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From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Feb  5 13:46:01 1999
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Dear CCLers,

Would any one please point to me any references of ab initio,
semiempirical, DFT calculations on metal ion-water complexes? The metal
ions I am interested in are Na+, K+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Cl-, etc. 

Thanks a lot in advance. 

Sincerely,

Yongxing Liu

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stewart@uga.edu writes:
>Here are some references to early papers describing the multicanonical
>method:

>  B. Berg and T. Neuhaus, Phys. Lett. B267, 249 (1991).
>  B. Berg and T. Neuhaus, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 9 (1992).
>  B. Berg, U. Hansmann and T. Neuhaus, Z. Phys. B90, 229 (1993).
>  W. Janke, B. Berg and M. Katoot, Nucl. Phys. B382, 649 (1992).

>There have been more recent papers, but these should be enough to give
>you
>a feel for the method and decide if it will meets your needs.

Hansmann has applied the multicanonical method to study folding of
atomistic models of relatively short peptides; see
J. Phys. Chem. B 102, 653-656 (1998) for a recent reference, and J.
Comp. Chem. 14, 1333-1338 (1993) for one of the first (if not *the*
first) applications of multicanonical methods to protein/peptide
folding.  The work of Hao and Scheraga with lattice models of proteins
is also worth checking (note that they call the procedure "entropy
sampling", but this is equivalent to multicanonical); see for example,
J. Phys. Chem. 98, 4940-4948 (1994).


***********************************
Max Vasquez
Protein Design Labs, Inc.
(510) 574-1477
(510) 574 1500 (FAX)


From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Feb  5 20:19:05 1999
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Folks,

I am interested in applying uniform electric fields to the hamiltonian
within Gaussian94 for the purpose of generating finite-difference
polarizabilies. It seems to me that there is a way to apply such fields
within Gaussian, but I can't seem to find it.  Can anyone help?

Curt Breneman
RPI Chemistry

From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Feb  5 21:24:23 1999
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Subject: Seeking NAOMI software....
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Date: Fri, 5 Feb 99 20:14:59 CST
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Dear CCLers:

I have used most of the Web search engines to get in touch with Prof.
Simon M. Brocklehurst, author of NAOMI, without success. My query is
in order to obtain the most recent version (2.4c) of this software
but apparently he has moved from smb@bioch.ox.ac.uk to how knows where.

Does any of you have information leading to the appropiate email or URL
address?.

Much obliged,

Ramon Garduno
--

        "...De los 260 musculos que tiene el cuerpo humano, el mas
	dificil de mantener en forma es el corazon...."
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