From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Mon Mar 22 05:34:17 1999
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Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 12:29:49 +0200 (EET)
From: "I. Kerkines" <jkerk@arnold.chem.uoa.gr>
To: chemistry@www.ccl.net
Subject: Summary for MRCI
Message-ID: <Pine.SOL.3.95.990322122726.27295A-100000@arnold.chem.uoa.gr>
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A few days ago I posted the following question


On Thu, 11 Mar 1999, I. Kerkines wrote:

> 
> Dear colleagues,
> 
> Does anybody know of any reviews or related papers on second order CI
> (SOCI)?
> 

The only answer I got was:

 Adv. Quant. Chem. 34 (1999) 143


Thanks,

************************************************************
* Ioannis S. Kerkines                                      *
* M.Sc. Student in Physical Chemistry                      *
* Department of Chemistry / University of Athens           *
* Panepistimiopolis      Tel: ++30 1 727-4569              *
* Zographou, 157 10      FAX: ++30 1 723-3219              *
* HELLAS (Greece)        Email: jkerk@arnold.chem.uoa.gr   *
************************************************************




From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Mon Mar 22 05:41:24 1999
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To: chemistry@ccl.net, g@CCMSD.chem.uga.edu
From: Wolfgang Roth <W.Roth@chemistry.leeds.ac.uk>
Subject: Gaussian 98 has problems with large CASSCF spaces
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Dear all, 

I'm trying to proof the the statement from the subject line because I
observe a strange behavior of the CASSCF algorithm in Gaussian 98 (Rev.
A.4) as reported below:

In brief, if you are going to large(r) active spaces of 10 or 12 electrons
and more than (approx.) 4000 configuration state functions (CSFs) the
energy of the optimized wavefunction is substancially higher (by several
hartree) than for the smaller CAS spaces. My geometry optimizations under
these conditions always failed after a few step due to convergence problems
of the MCSCF wavefunction. 

As an example, I calculated the single point energy of the molecule 2-H
benzotriazole (6 C-, 3 N- and 5 H-atoms) with different active spaces. This
molecule has 10 pi-electrons which should be spread over 9 pi-orbitals such
that the maximum CASSCF space would be designated as (10, 9).

CASSCF( 8, 8,nroot=1) [1764 CSFs, no special selection of orbitals except
for pi] yields
 ITN= 17 MaxIt= 64 E=   -393.5116726512 DE=-7.88D-09 Acc= 1.00D-08 Lan=  3

CASSCF(10, 8,nroot=1) [1176 CSFs] yields
 ITN= 27 MaxIt= 64 E=   -393.4877127352 DE=-9.63D-09 Acc= 1.00D-08 Lan=  3

CASSCF( 8, 9,nroot=1) [8001 CSFs} yields
 ITN= 38 MaxIt= 64 E=   -384.7333360567 DE=-9.20D-09 Acc= 1.00D-08 Lan=  1 

CASSCF(10, 9,nroot=1) [8001 CSFs} yields
 ITN= 18 MaxIt= 64 E=   -379.8942586656 DE=-4.18D-09 Acc= 1.00D-08 Lan=  1

The HF energy at the same geometry is
 SCF Done:  E(RHF) =  -393.396661489     A.U. after   16 cycles

As you can see, the two calculations with the (announced) 8001 CSFs are
about 9 and 14 hartree higher in energy than the HF claculation. THIS
cannot be due to a wrong selection of orbitals.

Did anyone else discovered the same observations using Gaussian 98 or may
it be traced backed to a problem of our computer (SGI Origin2000 with Irix
6.4 /6.5)?

Regards
Wolfgang Roth

==W=o=l=f=g=a=n=g==R=o=t=h===========================W=R==
 University of Leeds
 School of Chemistry
 Leeds LS2 9JT
 UK
===== http://www-public.rz.uni-duesseldorf.de/~rothw =====


From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Mon Mar 22 05:58:06 1999
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Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 11:22:22 +0100
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Subject: Weiterbildungskurs Molecular Modelling
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Der Kurs Molecular Modelling - Ein Ueberblick fuer 
Einsteiger findet vom 25-27.10.1999 in Erlangen statt. 
Er wendet sich Naturwissenschaftler, Chemiker, 
Mediziner und Pharmazeuten in Forschung und Entwicklung.

Themen: Kraftfeldverfahren, Modellierung von Proteinen, 
Molekuelorbital-Methoden, Protein-Ligand-
Wechselwirkungen,QSAR/QSPR. Die Vortraege werden von 
praktischen Uebungen begleitet.

Referenten: T. Clark, H. Lanig (Computer-Chemie-Zentrum 
der Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg) und Referenten aus 
der Industrie. 

Teilnahmegebuer: 1.440,-- (incl. Kursunterlagen)

Weitere Informationen unter 

DECHEMA e.V.
Weiterbildung
Postfach 150104
D-60061 Frankfurt a.M.
Tel.: +49/69/7564-253
Fax: +49/69/7564-388
email: KWI@dechema.de
http://www.dechema.de/deutsch/veransta/pages/veran4.htm


From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Mon Mar 22 09:50:12 1999
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Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 18:57:52 -0500 (GMT)
From: Amit Galande <amitkg@giasbmc.vsnl.net.in>
Reply-To: Amit Galande <amitkg@giasbmc.vsnl.net.in>
To: CHEMISTRY@www.ccl.net
Subject: random screening
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It has been observed that random approaches are prefered over rational




ones

 

 

 

when it comes to the sampling of large molecular diversity for screening.

 

But when this set to be screened is selected from MD,randomly, then

 

what all are the constraints or the factors which decides that how many

 

molecules are to be selected randomly from given huge set (of even say

combinatorial libraris.)

 

It is obvious that sreening all the molecules is many times not possible

 

hence we look for the set which requisitly represents the entire MD or
CL


but how large this set should be when random approach is to be used?

 

Thanking you in anticipation

Amit


From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Mon Mar 22 11:55:53 1999
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Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 13:20:06 -0300 (ARST)
From: Adrian Turjanski <churca@opium.q1.fcen.uba.ar>
To: "CHEMISTRY@www.ccl.net" <CHEMISTRY@www.ccl.net>
cc: "CHEMISTRY@www.ccl.net" <CHEMISTRY@www.ccl.net>
Subject: Xmol software?
In-Reply-To: <Pine.SGI.3.91.980925161351.12285A-100000@csb0.IPC.PKU.EDU.CN>
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Hi: 
   does anybody know about Xmol program? Where can i download it?

Thank you very much.

Adrian Turjanski



From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Mar 19 06:15:49 1999
Sender: daniele@bioem.ing.uniroma1.it
Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 12:17:01 -0800
From: Daniele Spera <daniele@bioem.ing.uniroma1.it>
To: whole CCL <chemistry@www.ccl.net>
Subject: PCM calc with G94






Dera CCLers,

did anyone ever perform PCM calculation using G94 code? I have been
running SP jobs
over a porphin ring with SCRF+PCM and Nosymm keywords at HF 6-31G(d)
level. In
some cases I didn't manage to get convergence, yet when I did, there
were lines in the
output file about a warning message during Tomasi II Approximation:

Tomasi Approximation II
 Iteration number   1
 Iteration number   2 MaxDiff  0.148983964393E-01
 Iteration number   3 MaxDiff  0.295825718481E-01
 Iteration number   4 MaxDiff  0.673842760811E-01
 Warning:  Deleting charge of infinity.
 Warning:  Deleting charge of infinity.
 Warning:  Deleting charge of infinity.
 Iteration number   5 MaxDiff  0.154191696315
 Warning:  Deleting charge of infinity.
 Warning:  Deleting charge of infinity.
 Iteration number   6 MaxDiff  0.310289858534
 Iteration number   7 MaxDiff  0.989697254870E-02
 Iteration number   8 MaxDiff  0.135299873542E-02

Does anyone know what it means?
Tahnk you

Daniele Spera

--
_____________
Daniele Spera
Universita' di Roma "La Sapienza", Italy
E-mail: daniele@bioem.ing.uniroma1.it




From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Mar 19 12:17:13 1999
From: Kim Takita <kmtakita@knowledgefoundation.com>
To: "'Computational Chemistry List (CCL)'" <chemistry@www.ccl.net>
Subject: Rational Approaches to Materials Design & Synthesis
Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 12:19:51 -0500
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International Conference on Rational Approaches to Materials Design & 
Synthesis
May 20-21, 1999 in Philadelphia.
see our web site for more information: 
 http://www.knowledgefoundation.com/rational.html
or
email kmtakita@knowledgefoundation.com with your mailing address and we 
will mail you a full brochure.

Emphasis will be placed on approaches through practical examples on how to 
effectively:
* Target new materials by design
* Accelerate discovery through rational design and selective synthesis
* Define computational & modeling requirements

Just a few organizations represented on program faculty include Universal 
Oil Products, Eastman-Kodak, Air Products & Chemicals, Symyx Technologies, 
Exxon Research & Engineering, Mobil Technology as well as leading academic 
researchers.

Please feel free to contact me if you would like further information.

Sincerely,
Kim
------------------------------------------------
Kim Takita
Vice President
The Knowledge Foundation, Inc.
101 Merrimac Street
Boston, MA  02114
617-367-7979 ext. 202
617-367-7912 (fax)
Email: kmtakita@knowledgefoundation.com
http://www.knowledgefoundation.com

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From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Mar 19 12:59:41 1999
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Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 10:01:03 -0800
To: chemistry@ccl.net
From: "Osman F. Guner" <osman@msi.com>
Subject: Fwd: Call for Papers - Informatics@Internet
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>Date: Thu, 11 Mar 1999 08:46:40 -0800
>To: chemistry@ccl.net
>From: "Osman F. Guner" <osman@msi.com>
>Subject: Call for Papers - Informatics@Internet
>
>WEB-BASED DEPLOYMENT OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT TOOLS
>
>CINF Symposium at ACS Fall in New Orleans, August 22-26.
>
>Please note the deadline of April 15th for submission of your abstracts.
Please see http://www.acs.org/meetings/abstract/abinfo.html for information
on submitting your abstracts.  Alternatively, you can Email me an
electronic version.
>
>Thx..osman 
--
Osman F. Güner, Ph.D.
Sr.Product Manager,    Rational Drug Design
Molecular Simulations Inc.  (619)799-5341
osman@msi.com            http://www.msi.com


From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Mar 19 14:22:12 1999
From: Kim Takita <kmtakita@knowledgefoundation.com>
To: "'Computational Chemistry List (CCL)'" <chemistry@www.ccl.net>
Subject: Materials Informatics
Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 12:43:34 -0500
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Thank you to all who provided help and feedback in developing this program.
"Effective Data Management for New Materials Discovery:
Materials Informatics"
June 28-29, 1999 in Boston, MA
for more information see our web site: 
 http://www.knowledgefoundation.com/informatics.html
or email
kmtakita@knowledgefoundation.com and we will mail you a full brochure.
The conference covers many of the issues brought up in the group. Some of 
these questions include:
* How to design multiple materials databases to allow transparent acess to 
all relevant applications throughout the discovery to development phase
* How to integrate disparate application software, and provide standardized 
methods of analyzing data
* How to enlist the aid of software and systems providers
* How to best access publicly available information sources

IN addition, a special session will be held in conjunction with the 
conference to explore the establishment of an industry consortium for 
materials informatics.

Please feel free to contact me for further information.

Sincerely,
Kim

------------------------------------------------
Kim Takita
Vice President
The Knowledge Foundation, Inc.
101 Merrimac Street
Boston, MA  02114
617-367-7979 ext. 202
617-367-7912 (fax)
Email: kmtakita@knowledgefoundation.com
http://www.knowledgefoundation.com

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From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Fri Mar 19 20:27:47 1999
From: "yongwen" <yongwen@263.net>
To: <CHEMISTRY@www.ccl.net>
Subject: Ask for biomacromolecular's modelling
Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1999 09:21:39 +0800
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Dear CCLs,

    I'm a chemistry researcher, but now I'm interested in =
biomacromolecular's modelling. That is, I want to predict the secondary =
structure, tertiary structure of the proteins, DNA, RNA from their lower =
structure.=20

    Can anybody give me some reference? Any kindly information I'll be =
appreciated.


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<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>Dear CCLs,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I'm a chemistry =
researcher,=20
but now I'm interested in biomacromolecular's modelling. That is, I want =
to=20
predict the secondary structure, tertiary structure of the proteins, =
DNA, RNA=20
from their lower structure. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Can anybody give =
me some=20
reference? Any kindly information I'll be appreciated.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Sat Mar 20 00:27:21 1999
From: "Kalju Kahn" <kalju@bioorganic.ucsb.edu>
Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 21:21:43 -0800
X-Mailer: Z-Mail (3.2.3 08feb96 MediaMail)
To: chemistry@www.ccl.net
Subject: SUMMARY: BSSE in calc. of activation energies
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii



Hello, everyone. Is about month now from the day I posted my
initial question. Thanks for good responses, I think I
learned a lot about this subject. Sorry to be so slow in responding,
had to wait to get some literature and then wait even more until I
understood some problems with BSSE. Of course, as many of
you noticed, my original equation was incorrect because
I assumed that there is no geometrical changes in reactant
geometries during the TS formation. Kalju.

Original question was:
#########################################################
From: Kalju Kahn
kalju@bioorganic.ucsb.edu
##########################
I realize there has been some controversy about basis set
superposition error (BSSE), and that the current consensus
favors the view that full counterpoise procedure (CP) of
Boys and Bernardini is a good way to correct for BSSE.
(e.g. van Duijneveldt et. al. in Chem. Rev, 1994, 94, 1873-1885)

My question concerns application of BSSE correction via CP
to bimolecular reactions. Let's take gas phase SN2
displacement as an example. Here we have a two reactants, A and B,
forming first a bimolecular "reactants complex" (RC), followed by
transition state (TS):
          A + B -> (A...B)[RC] -> A-B[TS]
The activation barrier can be defined as an energy difference
between TS and RC. What is the correct way to calculate this
energy difference? (Assuming Born-Oppenheimer approximation,
and dealing with size-consistent methods, e.g. HF level of theory)

My own answer would be:
 If one accepts a view that energies of both RC and TS
 (relative to isolated reactants) are affected by BSSE,
 one should correct both according to the CP scheme, and now:
 E_act = E(TS,TS_basis_in_TS_geometry)-E(RC,RC_basis_in_RC_geometry)-
        E(A,TS_basis_in_TS_geometry) -E(B,TS_basis_in_TS_geometry)+
        E(A,RC_basis_in_RC_geometry) +E(B,RC_basis_in_RC_geometry)

 Obviously, the number of basis functions in TS_basis and RC_basis
 is the same, but the geometrical position of ghost orbitals relative
 to partner molecule are different in TS_geometry and RC_geometry.
 So, the last four terms do not cancel out.

This seems a right way to account for BSSE, but the above method
was quoted as "misinterpretation of the BSSE concept" by Dr. J. A. Sordo
in "Comment on "Ab initio investigation of internal rotation in the
ethylene-sulfur dioxide dimer"" (J. Chem. Phys., 106(14), 6204).

Could somebody kindly explain me how do I misinterpret the BSSE
concept here? Or do we need to be concerned about BSSE when
calculating ab initio activation barriers?

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

Summary of answers, stripped off from headers and tails:

##########################################################################
From: Frank Jensen
<frj@dou.dk>
#####################
	I am not familiar with that paper, but my opinion is
similar to yours, there is always a BSSE present when comparing
calculations using different geometries. For non-bonded interactions,
as your RC, the CP procedure is well-defined. For bonded species, however,
the CP procedure is much less clear. You may be interested in
the results in Chem. Phys. Lett. 261, 633.
	Frank

##########################################################################
From: Pr. Xavier Assfeld
assfeld@host23.lctn.u-nancy.fr
##############################
To be rigorous, you forget to take into account the energy of geometrical
deformation, i.e. :

 Your_formula + E(A,A_basis_in_TS_geometry) - E(A,A_basis_in_RC_geometry)
              + E(B,B_basis_in_TS_geometry) - E(B,B_basis_in_RC_geometry)

Moreover, Pr. Sordo et al. publish some papers about BSSE for this kind of
systems, showing that Delta_E_act is almost BSSE free :

1] J. A. Sordo, J. Chem. Phys. 1997, 106, 6204
2] V. M. Rayon, and J. A. Sordo, J. Phys. Chem. 1997, 107, 7591
3] D. Suarez, and J. A. Sordo, Chemical Communications, 1998, 3, 385

I also would like to point out that there are other (better) methods to
evaluate BSSE than couterpoise. For exemple have a look at the work of
Istvan MAYER about the Chemical Hamiltonian Approach. There is plenty of
papers dealing with that but here is a "recent" reference :

I. Mayer, and P. Valiron, J. Chem. Phys. 1998, 109, 3360.

#########################################################################
From: Huub van Dam
h.j.j.vandam@chem.ruu.nl
########################
COUNTERPOISE recipe for complexes of monomers with internal geometry

Ra : geometry of  monomer A in complex
Rae : geometry of monomer A in its equilibrium
Rb : geometry of  monomer B in complex
Rbe : geometry of monomer B in its equilibrium
R, distance (geometrical parameters) between A and B
e.g. Ea(R,Ra,Rb)(AB) is the energy of A at geometry defined by
     (R,Ra,Rb) and the basis of AB

Generally a complete counterpoise corrected interaction energy is :

Delta E = Eab(R,Ra,Rb)(AB) - Ea(R,Ra,Rb)(AB) - Eb(R,Ra,Rb)(AB) +
          Ea(Ra)(A) - Ea(Rae)(A) + Eb(Rb)(B) -Eb(Rbe)(B)

The first line gives the counterpoise corrected interaction energy as
it would be for rigid monomers; The second gives the correction for
the deformation of the monomers

Applying this to a transition state (TS) and reaction complex (RC)
gives for a interaction energy with respect to isolated monomers for
both :

Delta E-TS= Eab(R-TS,Ra-TS,Rb-TS)(AB) - Ea(R-TS,Ra-TS,Rb-TS)(AB)
                                      - Eb(R-TS,Ra-TS,Rb-TS)(AB) +
            Ea(Ra-TS)(A) - Ea(Rae)(A) + Eb(Rb-TS)(B) -Eb(Rbe)(B)


Delta E-RC= Eab(R-RC,Ra-RC,Rb-RC)(AB) - Ea(R-RC,Ra-RC,Rb-RC)(AB)
                                      - Eb(R-RC,Ra-RC,Rb-RC)(AB) +
            Ea(Ra-RC)(A) - Ea(Rae)(A) + Eb(Rb-RC)(B) -Eb(Rbe)(B)

To get the barrier one have to substract the two :

Delta E-TS - Delta E-RC =
             Eab(R-TS,Ra-TS,Rb-TS)(AB) -  Eab(R-RC,Ra-RC,Rb-RC)(AB)
           - Ea(R-TS,Ra-TS,Rb-TS)(AB) - Eb(R-TS,Ra-TS,Rb-TS)(AB)
           + Ea(R-RC,Ra-RC,Rb-RC)(AB) + Eb(R-RC,Ra-RC,Rb-RC)(AB)
           +  Ea(Ra-TS)(A) +  Eb(Rb-TS)(B)
           -  Ea(Ra-RC)(A) -  Eb(Rb-RC)(B)

Where the last two lines (the extra part) is due to a different
deformation in transition state and reaction complex

See : F.B. van Duijneveldt
      "Basis Superposition Error"
      in : S. Scheiner (ed.) , "Molecular Interactions"
           Wiley (1997)

##########################################################################
From: Tanja van Mourik
T.vanMourik@ucl.ac.uk
#####################

I think that your way to correct for BSSE is correct, assuming at least
that BSSE is only important *between* (and not within) A and B, as it is
in my ArHF example below.  If you would calculate your energy difference
simply as:

E_act = E(TS,TS_basis_in_TS_geometry)-E(RC,RC_basis_in_RC_geometry)

then you would not correct for BSSE at all!

Assuming the BSSE within the monomers can be neglected, you can compare with
a diatomic AB (like He2, for example). In this case, you also have to correct
for BSSE at each individual point of the potential energy curve.  Simply
substracting two AB dimer energies does not produce a BSSE-free energy
difference, since the uncorrected potential energy curve will be distorted.
Also in this case, for each different interatomic distance the ghost orbitals
are at different geometrical positions.

As another example:
For ArHF, which has 2 linear minima and a T-shaped TS, the correct way to
compute the stationary points would be, in my opinion, to substract from
the dimer energy the Ar and HF energies computed in the ArHF basis set, and
you would do this for the 2 different minima (Ar...HF and Ar...FH), as well
as for the TS. The barrier height is then the difference between the minimum
and TS interaction energy. This of course assumes that the BSSE within HF
can be neglected. For this example, I can reference 2 papers (I must confess
I am on the author list of both): JCP 107, 2451 (1997) and Adv. Quant. Chem.
31, 105, 1999. You already mentioned the review article by van Duijneveldt
et al.

##########################################################################
From: Qadir K. Timerghazin
qt@chat.ru
##########################
See good article on this subj:
Some difficulties in computing BSSE-corrected potential surfaces
of chemical reactions.
G. Lendvay 1 , I. Mayer Chemical Physics Letters 297 1998 365–373

May be you'll find there some answers on questions you put.

##########################################################################
From: liang@wavefun.com
#######################
The AE is calculated between the TS1 and P1 structures, using the SAME
basis set (Sordo's eq1), therefore no CP is needed. CP is needed when
calculating, say, the P1(A..B) energy relative to the fragments (A and
B) where P1 has the functions on BOTH fragments.

##########################################################################
From: Steven.Creve
Steven.Creve@dsm-group.com
##########################
Hello,
Maybe it would be interesting to come to a generalized view of BSSE
procedures, and summarize that to the list.

##########################################################################

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
This is almost all, neglecting two private responses. What follows is my
attept to come up with a generalized view on BSSE and CP correction in
particular. I am not competent to discuss methods which exclude BSSE
a priori (Chemical Hamiltonian Approach and Symmetry Adapted Perturbation
Theory), and these apparently are not applicable for activation energies.

0. BSSE is not specific to molecular complexes. It affects geometries
   and energies of individual molecules when nuclei-centered basis
   sets are used. The effects on bond lengths are small but BSSE could
   affect the conformation of flexible molecule (Extra stabilization
   occurs when ends of the chain are next to each other)

1. The energy difference between the reactant complex and the
   transition state is affected by BSSE. I am not convinced that
   Delta_E_act is almost BSSE free.

2. The interaction energy can be partitioned into two components:
   (i) intermolecular interaction energy between two deformed reactants
   (ii) energy associated with deformation of isolated reactants.
   My initial equation neglected deformatiion energy, this is equal to
   assuption that reactants do not change geometry upon formation of
   reactant complex or transition state. While deformation of monomers
   may be negligable in reactant complex, it is very significant in the
   transition state. Assuming that there is no BSSE associated with
   deformation of monomers, the CP equation is:

  E_act = E(TS,TS_basis_in_TS_geometry)- E(RC,RC_basis_in_RC_geometry)-
          E(A,TS_basis_in_TS_geometry) - E(B,TS_basis_in_TS_geometry) +
          E(A,RC_basis_in_RC_geometry) + E(B,RC_basis_in_RC_geometry) +
          E(A, A_basis_in_TS_geometry) - E(A, A_basis_in_RC_geometry) +
          E(B, B_basis_in_TS_geometry) - E(B, B_basis_in_RC_geometry)

  or, rearranged:

  E_act = E(TS,TS_basis_in_TS_geometry)- E(RC,RC_basis_in_RC_geometry)+
  	  E(A, A_basis_in_TS_geometry) - E(A,TS_basis_in_TS_geometry) +
          E(B, B_basis_in_TS_geometry) - E(B,TS_basis_in_TS_geometry) +
          E(A,RC_basis_in_RC_geometry) - E(A, A_basis_in_RC_geometry) +
          E(B,RC_basis_in_RC_geometry) - E(B, B_basis_in_RC_geometry)

   It is not clear how important is BSSE in the deformation process
   E_def(A) = E(A,A_basis_in_TS_geometry) - E(A,A_basis_in_RC_geometry)
   Neither it is clear how to calculate BSSE for a deformation process.
   And, Rayon and Sordo (Theor. Chem. Acc. 99, 68-70(1998) have argued
   that when geometrical changes in fragments are large (as they are
   in formation of TS), then one should be careful when performing CP.

3. There appear to be serious conceptual difficulties when applying
   two-body CP correction to bimolecular reaction where group or
   atom is being transfered. The paper by Lendvay and Mayer (Chem.
   Phys.Lett. 297, 365-373) points out that assignement of transferred
   group to reactants becames ambiguous in TS, and different assignements
   will generally give different results.

4. From a practical point of view it could be better to ignore BSSE
   completery in calculation of activation energies. The arguments in
   favour of this neglect are:
   1) There are conceptual probles with performing BSSE
      correction (BSSE in deformation energies and p.3)
   2) The BSSE may not be too big compared to the current accuracy
      of describing transition states. This is probably fine when
      E_act is large.
   3) Correcting for BSSE by CP scheme involves four additional
      calculations using the large basis set and four additional
      calculations using smaller basis sets. No correction requires
      only two calculations with large basis sets (RC and TS).

5. Ignoring BSSE in TS calculations is expected to yield too tight
   transition states (in analogy with too short intermolecular
   distances on uncorrected potential energy surfaces between two
   reactants). Does anybody know of BSSE free (Chemical Hamiltonian
   Approach, or very large basis set LCAO) determinations of TS
   structures to evaluate this statement?

6. Ignoring BSSE in TS calculations is expected to yield too low
   activation energies.  BSSE in TS is larger than BSSE in RC since
   the two fragments are closer. I have very crude estimate for the
   MP2/AUG-cc-pVDZ basis set and RCl-HOH system, according to this
   BSSE near RC is about 0.6 kcal/mol and near TS about 2.6 kcal/mol.
   So the activation energy is underestimated by about 2 kcal/mol.
   (Note: these numbers have nothing to do with Sn2 displacement
   reaction, I havn't studied it). This underestimation is not
   terrible at HF level, since RHF activation energies are generally
   overestimated.

7. Some recent papers about BSSE:
   *Introduction to Computational Chemistry, pg. 172, Frank Jensen,
   Wiley, 1999
   *Basis set superposition error, F.B. van Duijneveldt, in "Molecular
   Interactions", ed. S. Scheiner, Wiley, 1997
   (These two still disagree whether CP is an approximate way
   or the method to deal with BSSE in weakly interacting molecular
   complexes)
   *Ab initio Calculations on Uracil-Water, van Mourik et al,
   J. Phys. Chem. A 103, 1611-1618 (1999). (Neat example of manual
   optimization to get a BSSE-free potential energy surface).
   *Comparison of basis set superposition error corrected perturbation
   theories for calculating intermolecular interaction energies.
   J. Comp. Chem. 20(2):274-283, 1999 (BSSE is significant at
   correlated levels)
   *On the validity of the counterpoise correction for the basis
   set superposition error including fragment relaxation terms
   Rayon & Sordo, Theor. Chem. Acc, 99, 68-70 (1998) (CP not valid)
   *Some difficulties in computing BSSE-corrected potential surfaces
   of chemical reactions. Lendvay & Mayer, Chem. Phys. Lett. 297,
   365-373 (1998) (CP correction results in discontinuous PES)


******************************************************************
Kalju Kahn                              kalju@bioorganic.ucsb.edu
Chemistry Department                    tel: (805)-893-7158
University of California Santa Barbara
Santa Barbara, CA 93106
##################################################################


From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Sat Mar 20 03:37:19 1999
From: "yongwen" <yongwen@263.net>
To: <CHEMISTRY@www.ccl.net>
Subject: MOL2 file format
Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1999 16:37:04 +0800
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Dear CCLs,
=20
    Does anybody know the file format of SYBYL MOL2? I hope the detailed =
document. Thanks in advance.

sincerely,
yongwen (yyw_j@263.net)

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<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Dear CCLs,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Does anybody know the file format =
of SYBYL=20
MOL2? I hope the detailed document. Thanks in advance.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>sincerely,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>yongwen (yyw_j@263.net)</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Sat Mar 20 05:37:50 1999
Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1999 12:40:06 +0200
From: mehmet kabak <Mehmet.Kabak@science.ankara.edu.tr>
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To: Computational chemistry List <chemistry@www.ccl.net>
Subject: How to import your HPGL files to Microsoft Office Progs. 
References: <Pine.SGI.3.90.990103202115.17518A-100000@hugh.chem.uic.edu>
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Dear CCL's

I hope importing HPGL files into your document would be profitable for MS users.
First
download the HPGL32.EXE files from the Microsoft ftp site via ftp or other methods
(ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/HPGL32.EXE) to your location(s). Then double
click (or run)
the HPGL32.EXE file from your Windows Explorer (or from the Start button) and
follow the information (accept Microsoft Licence agreement). Put your extracted
graphic filters files under the
"Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Grphflt\" directory. Then from the
"Start" button select "Run" and call the "Regedit" program and select the
"Registery File/Import Registry File" from the menu.
Go directly in to the files which were you located
"C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Grphflt\".
Follow the instruction and then exit from the registry editor.

Now the Microsoft programs are ready for the filtering the HPGL graphic files.

Best regards,

Mehmet Kabak
e-mail : kabak@science.ankara.edu.tr

PS: For any questions please mail me and I will  not accept any responsibility for
any damage to your Windows programs and system.



From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Sat Mar 20 15:39:46 1999
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From: "=?iso-8859-1?Q?=22Dem=E9trio_A._da_Silva_Filho=22?=" <dasf@lua.ifi.unicamp.br>
Subject: MOLDEN AND G94 OUTPUTS
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Dear CCLers,

I'm trying to read the G94 outputs using MOLDEN and although I have several
geometries MOLDEN just show me one (single point). I already add the
keywork gfinput
and IOP(6/7=3) as MOLDEN requires but I didn't have success.
Any hints will be appreciated.
Thanks,
Demétrio Filho

_____________________________________

                Demetrio A. da Silva Filho
                   UNICAMP - IFGW
                    Prédio D - Sala 17
            CEP 13083-970 C.Postal 6165
                   Campinas - SP - Brasil
_____________________________________   

"The time it takes to complete a scientific project is given by the
equation t = 2a + b where a is the original estimate, 2 is a correction
factor, and b is a number large compared to 2a."


From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Sat Mar 20 17:23:57 1999
Sender: xiaomei@ne059.cm.utexas.edu
Message-Id: <36F41D9A.41C6@usa.net>
Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1999 16:13:46 -0600
From: Xiaomei Yang <xiaomei_yang@usa.net>
Organization: Dept of Chem & Biochem
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To: CCL <chemistry@www.ccl.net>
Subject: Summary: convert PDB to CHARMm
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Hi, CCLers,

My original question on how to convert PDB file to CHARMm format
seemed ridiculous, but I was in a situation without QUANTA/CHARMm
in hand. Anyway, many thanks to all the people who answered my 
question and gave me helpful information. Now the summary.


How to convert PDB files to CHARMm format
=========================================

       1.  CHARMm
       2.  QUANTA
       3.  RasMol
       4.  Babel
       5.  your own code


1. CHARMm itself can read PDB files and convert to CRD/PSF format.
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

   as suggested by 

              G. Matthias Ullmann <ullmann@scripps.edu
              Rick Venable <rvenable@deimos.cber.nih.gov>
              Ryszard Czerminski <ryszard@moldyn.com>
              dmacks@sas.upenn.edu (Daniel E. Macks)
              Shobana Sundaram <sshobana@mail.med.cornell.edu
              aldo@DUTSH15.TUDELFT.NL (aldo jongejan)

   Matthias and Shobana gave me the commands of CHARMm in details.
Daniel
   referred me to the Charmm documentaion io.doc file. Aldo suggested me
   read the source code. In a few days I can access the CHARMm program
in
   our Univ. Thanks.


Example 1:
==========
            (by "G. Matthias Ullmann" <ullmann@scripps.edu>)
            ------------------------------------------------

open read unit 12 card name "1rie.protein.pdb"
read sequ pdb unit 12
generate 1rie setup
rewind unit 12
read coor pdb unit 12
close unit 12

But you should read only one straint at once. If you have more than
one straint, repeat the command like this:

open read unit 12 card name "1rie.hetero.pdb"
read sequ pdb unit 12
generate fes setup
rewind unit 12
read coor pdb unit 12 appe
close unit 12

You have to edit the PDB file a little bit, so that it look like

ATOM      1  N   THR    53      15.450   0.804  17.223  1.00 15.05     
1rfs
ATOM      2  CA  THR    53      14.080   0.730  16.642  1.00 15.16     
1rfs
ATOM      3  C   THR    53      14.002   1.723  15.471  1.00 14.32     
1rfs
ATOM      4  O   THR    53      14.581   2.805  15.549  1.00 14.38     
1rfs
ATOM      5  CB  THR    53      13.011   1.058  17.715  1.00 16.16     
1rfs
ATOM      6  OG1 THR    53      13.161   2.411  18.160  1.00 18.16     
1rfs
ATOM      7  CG2 THR    53      13.171   0.139  18.916  1.00 16.08     
1rfs
ATOM      8 1H   THR    53      15.677   1.830  17.297  1.00  0.00     
1rfs
ATOM      9 2H   THR    53      15.484   0.373  18.153  1.00  0.00     
1rfs
ATOM     10 3H   THR    53      16.137   0.366  16.590  1.00  0.00     
1rfs
ATOM     11  HG1 THR    53      13.847   2.552  18.821  1.00  0.00     
1rfs

The string in the last column has to be the segid. Otherwise you can not
read the coordinates properly.

                    ----- End of Example 1.


Example 2:
==========
            (by Shobana Sundaram <sshobana@mail.med.cornell.edu>)
            -----------------------------------------------------

open read card unit 10 name a.pdb ('your filename')
read coor pdb unit 10
close unit 10

if you want only the coordinates to be written

open write unit 11 card name a.crd
write coor unit 11 card
* title
*

and if you want to write in psf format which included connectivities
etc..

write psf card name a.psf
* title
*
                      ----- End of Example 2


2. QUANTA - the Graphical User Interface for CHARMm can of course do
this.
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

   as suggested by

              dmacks@sas.upenn.edu (Daniel E. Macks)
              Istvan Enyedy" <istvan@giccs.georgetown.edu>
              Shobana Sundaram <sshobana@mail.med.cornell.edu>


3. RasMol can read both PDB and CHARMm formats
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

   as suggested by

              Rick Venable <rvenable@deimos.cber.nih.gov>

   RasMol can export the current image to various graphical formats,
such as
   gif, bmp, ps; but it is not clear if it can re-write the structure
into
   any formats other than the input one.   (Xiaomei)


4. Babel reads both PDB and CHARMm formats but doesn't write to CHARMm
format.
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<


5. Write you own code
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

   as suggestd by

             Themis Lazaridis <lazarid@fas.harvard.edu>
             <aldo@DUTSH15.TUDELFT.NL> (aldo jongejan)

   Themis gave me his little code that helped me to accomplish my job in
   time. Thanks.


Example 3:
==========
           (by Themis Lazaridis <lazarid@fas.harvard.edu>)
           -----------------------------------------------

Themis Lazaridis
Department of Chemistry                 phone (212) 650-8364
City College of New York                fax   (212) 650-6107
Convent Avenue & 138th St.              email: themis@sci.ccny.cuny.edu
New York, NY 10031                     
http://www.sci.ccny.cuny.edu/~themis
----------------------
c Reads PDB file, writes out charmm file
c Uses a temp file
c PDB format
c text IATOM  TYPE  RES  IRES      X  Y  Z    W
c  A6   I5  2X A4   A4    I5  4X     3F8.3 6X F6.2
c charmm format
c ATOMNO RESNO   RES  TYPE  X     Y     Z   SEGID RESID Weighting
c   I5    I5  1X A4 1X A4 F10.5 F10.5 F10.5 1X A4 1X A4 F10.5
c
c
        character*80 infile,outfile,line
        character*4 str1,type,res,code,segid,resid,residold,resold
        character*1 chain
        logical loxt(1000)
        write (6,*) 'Give input PDB files, output will be .crd'
1       read (5,'(a)') infile
        i=1
2       i=i+1
        if (infile(i:i).eq.' ') then
         outfile=infile(1:i-1)//'.crd'
        else
         goto 2
        endif
        open (unit=11, file=infile, status='old')
        open (unit=12, file='temppdb', status='unknown')
        open (unit=13, file=outfile, status='new')
        write (13,'(a80)') '* converted from '//infile
        write (13,'(a)') '*'
        do 4 i=1,1000
4       loxt(i)=.false.
        nss=0
        ires=0
        iat=0
        residold='    '
        resold='    '
        do 100 i=1,100000
        read (11,'(a80)',end=1000) line
        read (unit=line,fmt=500) str1
        if (str1.eq.'SSBO') then
          nss=nss+1
          goto 100
        else if (str1.eq.'ATOM') then
        iat= iat+1
        read (unit=line,fmt=500) str1,iatom,type,res,chain,resid,
     &    x,y,z,a,w,code
500     format (a4,2x,i5,2x,a4,a4,a1,a4,4x,3f8.3,2f6.2,6x,a4)
          if ((resid.ne.residold).or.(res.ne.resold)) ires=ires+1
          residold=resid
          resold= res
          if (chain.ne.'    ') then
            segid=chain//code
          elseif (code.ne.'    ') then
            segid=code
          else
            segid='MAIN'
          endif
          if (type.eq.'CD1 ') then
             if (res.eq.'ILE ') type='CD  '
          elseif (type.eq.'OCT1') then
             type='OT1 '
          elseif (type.eq.'OCT2') then
             type='OT2 '
          elseif (type.eq.'OXT ') then
             type='OT2 '
             loxt(ires)=.true.
          endif
c fluch resid left
5         if (resid(1:1).eq.' ') then
            resid=resid(2:4)//' '
            goto 5
          endif
          write (12,600) iat,ires,res,type,x,y,z,segid,resid,w
600     format (I5,I5,1X,A4,1X,A4,3F10.5,1X,A4,1X,a4,F10.5)
        else
          goto 100
        endif
100     continue
1000    write (6,*) 'Disulfide bonds', nss
        nres=ires
        write (13,'(i5)') iat
        close (unit=12)
        open (unit=12,file='temppdb',status='old')
        do 200 i=1,100000
        read (12,'(a80)',end=2000) line
        read (unit=line,fmt=600) iatom,ires,res,type,x,y,z,segid,resid,w
        if (loxt(ires).and.(type.eq.'O   ')) type='OT1 '
        write (13,600) iatom,ires,res,type,x,y,z,segid,resid,w
200     continue
2000    close (unit=11)
        close (unit=12)
        close (unit=13)
        goto 1
        end


             ----- End of Example 3

                         -----End of Summary


//////////////////////
Xiaomei Yang, Postdoc
Dept of Chem & Biochem
Univ of Texas at Austin
Austin, 78712 TX, USA
Tel: +1-512-471-4671 (O)
xiaomei@ne059.cm.utexas.edu
/////////////////////////////


From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Mon Mar 22 16:38:46 1999
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Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 19:34:58 +0100 (CET)
From: Renee Dillinger <renee@iacgu7.chemie.uni-mainz.de>
To: chemistry@www.ccl.net
Subject: G xyz to Z-matrix conversion
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I have a set of cartesian coordinates describing a molecule in C2h
symmetry. In order to perform a Potential energy surface scan in Gaussian 
I have to
convert the cartesian coordinates to a Z-Matrix. When I do that using
different programs the resulting Z-Matrix is always C1 symmetry. So How
can I convert the cartesian coordinates to a Z-Matrix with conservation of
symmetry ??

Greetings Renee

---
******************************************************
Renee Dillinger
Inst. f. Anorg. und Analyt. Chemie
Universitaet Mainz
Staudinger Weg 9
55099 Mainz
Tel. 49-06131-393250
Fax. 49-06131-392990


From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Mon Mar 22 16:57:18 1999
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Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 13:42:41 -0500 (EST)
From: "E. Lewars" <elewars@alchemy.chem.utoronto.ca>
Message-Id: <199903221842.NAA28022@alchemy.chem.utoronto.ca>
To: chemistry@www.ccl.net
Subject: CBS AND G2 FAILURE-SUMMARY; THANKS


1999 March 22     CBS and G@ METHODS FAILING


Thankd to all who replied to my question (below) about problems with CBS and
G2 methods. I give a summary of the answers
   Again, thank you all.

       E Lewars
==================
THE QUESTION:

1999 March 14

Hello,

I find that the high-accuracy G2-type (G2, G2MP2 etc) and CBS (CBS-4,
CBS-Q) methods, as implemented in Gaussian 94 and Gaussian 98, useful as they
are, fairly frequently fail because of convergence problems. G92MP2 fails in
step 5, and CBS-Q and CBS-4 in step 4, that is, after wasting hours on several
previous steps.

If others have had this problem with G2 and CBS methods and found a solution,
I would very much appreciate hearing what it is.

  Thank you.
    E. Lewars
==========================
THE ANSWERS

#1

          Mar 14 Giovanni Scalmani  (52)   Re: CCL:G:G2 AND CBS METHODS: CONVECommand: Read MessageMessage 3/10 from Giovanni Scalmani                      Mar 14 '99 at 6:28 pm

X-Sender: Giovanni@jack.umh.ac.be
Subject: Re: CCL:G:G2 AND CBS METHODS: CONVERGENCE FAILURES

On Sun, 14 Mar 1999, E. Lewars wrote:

> I find that the high-accuracy G2-type (G2, G2MP2 etc) and CBS (CBS-4,
> CBS-Q) methods, as implemented in Gaussian 94 and Gaussian 98, useful as they
> are, fairly frequently fail because of convergence problems. G92MP2 fails in
> step 5, and CBS-Q and CBS-4 in step 4, that is, after wasting hours on several
> previous steps.

Hi!

  You are not talking about the SVD (singular value decomposition) 
in link 803, aren't you? (I don't remenber the exact sequence of steps).

 Anyway, once I had problems with CBS-Q and - even worse - with
CBS-APNO. They failed "after wasting hours" during SVD. So I modified
the code to use the LAPACK SVD routine (DGESVD) instead of the 
original one and since then I never had a new failure (at least in
l803.exe).

Hope this help.

Giovanni 

PS: Let me know if this is your case. I may provide you the modification
    to l803.F

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Scalmani Giovanni                           Giovanni@averell.umh.ac.be
Service de Chimie des Materiaux Nouveaux
Centre de Recherche en Electronique et Photonique Moleculaires
Universite' de Mons-Hainaut
Place du Parc, 20                             Phone: ++32-(0)65-373361
B-7000 Mons (Belgium)                           Fax: ++32-(0)65-373367
----------------------------------------------------------------------
==============

#2

Subject: RE: G:G2 AND CBS METHODS: CONVERGENCE FAILURES
Date: Mon, 15 Mar 1999 08:38:44 +1000

Greetings,...

>I find that the high-accuracy G2-type (G2, G2MP2 etc) and CBS (CBS-4,
>CBS-Q) methods, as implemented in Gaussian 94 and Gaussian 98, useful as
they
>are, fairly frequently fail because of convergence problems. G92MP2 fails
in
>step 5, and CBS-Q and CBS-4 in step 4, that is, after wasting hours on
several
>previous steps.

I'm not sure what 'Step 5' is in a 'G2' calculation as implemented in G94,
however, I suspect it is the QCISD calculation, something I have much
experience with (convergence problems that is).  The best alternative is to
replace the QCISD(T) with CCSD(T).

Regards,...

Brian.

 ________________________________________________________________
| Dr Brian J. Smith                                              |
| Research Scientist                                             |
| Biomolecular Research Institute                                |
| 343 Royal Parade                          Ph:  +61-3-9662-7289 |
| Parkville, VIC 3052,                      Fax: +61-3-9662-7347 |
| Australia              WWW http://www.bioresi.com.au/index.htm |
|________________________________________________________________|

=============

#3

X-Sender: theis@kalium.kiku.dk
X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Light Version 3.0.6 (32)
Date: Mon, 15 Mar 1999 09:44:48 +0100
To: elewars@alchemy.chem.utoronto.ca
Subject: CBS and G2


Dear Prof. Lewars,

In problem cases I usually run the jobs separately. For G2(MP2) method this
gives me the possibility of converging the SCF (using SCF=qc) in the
MP2/6-311+(3df,2p) calculation. On the other hand, the CBS extrapolation
convergence problems appear to be hard ware dependent, switching to
different hard ware brand have helped in all my problem cases.

In the end I collect the results in a spread sheet. When the implemented
method crashes in the final step, the results from the earlier steps can
also be extracted in this manner. Thus, re-running the job can be avoided.

Cheers,

                      Theis

**  **  **      **  Mr. Theis Ivan Solling
**  **   ** ** **       Department of Chemistry
******    ******        University of Copenhagen
**  **      **          DK-2100 Copenhagen
**  **      **          Ph. 45-3532-0187/Fax. 45-3532-0212 
===========

From chemistry-request@www.ccl.net  Mon Mar 22 20:07:02 1999
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Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 12:13:35 +0000 (GMT)
From: "Ivan I. Oleinik" <ivan.oleinik@materials.oxford.ac.uk>
To: CHEMISTRY@www.ccl.net
Subject: Gaussian-98 efficiency for DFT calculations
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Hello,

I am a novice user of Gaussian and want to have a good advice from
experts on tuning Gaussian-98 options to get best performance in terms of
CPU time. 

Some specific information:

1. Molecular system:  medium-size hydrocarbon clusters (20-30 carbon
atoms) 

2. Method: DFT (standard LSDA + Becke-Perdew-Wang gradient corrections). 

3. Task: energy and forces with moderate accuracy.

4. System: SGI O2K machine with plenty of memory available. 

I can get trivial speedup by using several processors in parallel mode,
but I want to tune the execution on the level of single processor first.
Also the effect of the basis set size is also obvious and predictable.

Since I have to sample quite a large number of configurations studying
transition states, I have to count every CPU minute. But I according to my
little experience Gaussian is still slow as compared to MSI DMOL. 

I will summarize responses,

Ivan Oleinik.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ivan I. Oleinik                 E-mail : ivan.oleinik@materials.ox.ac.uk
Department of Materials
University of Oxford
Parks Road
Oxford OX1 3PH                     Tel : +44 (0)1865 283325
United Kingdom                     Fax : +44 (0)1865 273764 
------------------------------------------------------------------------


