SUMMARY - MP2/UMP2 vs B3LYP/UB3LYP



   Dear CCl members,
 Please find my original question and replies on the subject topic
 below. To summarize, the following references were suggested:
 1) Cramer, C. J.; Worthington, S. E., J.Phys.Chem. 1995, 99, 1462.
 2) Lim, M. H.; Worthington, S. E.; Dulles, F. J.; Cramer, C. J. "Density
 Functional Calculations of Radicals and Diradicals" in Density-Functional
 Methods in Chemistry, ACS Symposium Series, Volume 629, Laird, B. B., Ross, R.
 B. Ziegler, T., Eds.; American Chemical Society: WashingtonDC, 1996; 402.
 3) Worthington, S. E.; Cramer, C. J., J. Phys. Org. Chem. 1997, 10, 755.
 4) Cramer, C. J.; Dulles, F. J.; Giesen, D. J.; Alml÷f, J., Chem. Phys.
 Lett. 1995, 245, 165.
 5) Holger F. Bettinger,Paul von Rague Schleyer, Peter R. Schreiner, and Henry F.
 Schaefer III, J. Org.Chem. 1997, 62, 9267-9275.
 6) Yaoming Xie, Peter R. Schreiner, Paul von Rague Schleyer, and Henry F.
 Schaefer III, J. Am.Chem.Soc. 1997, 119, 1370-1377.
 7) Holger F. Bettinger, Peter R. Schreiner, Paul von Rague Schleyer, and Henry
 F. Schaefer III, J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 16147-16154.
 8) Peter R. Schreiner, William L. Karney, Paul von Rague Schleyer, Weston T.
 Borden, Tracy P. Hamilton, and Henry F. Schaefer III, J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61,
 7030-7039.
 9) Sulzbach, et al . JACS, 1997, 119, 5682.
 and I really thank to Christopher Cramer, Alexander Bagatur'yants,
 Seiji Mori, Stefan Grimme, Xavier Assfeld and Peter Schreiner
 for the contribution and helpful discussion.
 regards, Valentin.
 ---------------
  Dear CCL,
 I am a little surprised with the following problem and
 would be grateful for helpful comments.
 On a substituted carbene compound MP2/UMP2 optimization of
 singlet and triplet states respectively leads to energy gap
 of about 9 kcl/mol and low lying singlet state. However,
 in the case of B3LYP/UB3LYP optimized structures triplet
 state is more stable by approximately the same value.
 Geometry parameters are also different. Unfortunately,
 experimental data for this compound is not available.
 Is this a known thing ? any precedents ?
 Does anybody have an idea on the possible explanation and what
 accuracy one would expect from MP2 and B3LYP calculated s/t gaps?
 Thank you!
 best regards,  Valentin.
 ---------------
 +++++++++++++++
 Dear Valentine,
 to my experience, B3LYP is quite good for
 S-T gaps if both states are single reference and
 spin-contamination is not a problem. For CH2, B3LYP
 gives a good value, a little bit too low for the triplet.
 I think MP2 has problems here because it is known to be
 more sensitive to the multi-reference character and
 small spin-contamination may also be a problem. I would
 suggest to use MR-MP or MR-CI.
 stefan
 _________________________________________________________
 Prof. Dr. Stefan Grimme
 +++++++++++++++
 +++++++++++++++
 MP2 is a disaster for most carbenes, unless they are very stable
 singlets.
 The bottom line is that the singlets tend to be two-configurational
 (e.g.,
 psi = c1 * |...HOMO^2> + c2 * |...LUMO^2> where ... refers to double
 occupation of all HF orbitals 1 to HOMO-1 and c1 > c2 but not
 necessarily
 by all that much) and the extent of the non-dynamical correlation is
 such
 that perturbation theory is not a good way to estimate the energy.
 DFT tends to be MUCH more reliable, although it too ultimately fails if
 c1
 and c2 come closer to being equal.
 There is a vast literature on this topic, particularly with the carbene
 focus. My group has contributed a bit.
 Cramer, C. J.; Worthington, S. E. "The Electronic Structures of
 Aziridenium
 and Cyclopropylidene. Hypovalent Atoms in Three-Membered Rings" J.
 Phys.
 Chem. 1995, 99, 1462.
 and
 Lim, M. H.; Worthington, S. E.; Dulles, F. J.; Cramer, C. J. "Density
 Functional Calculations of Radicals and Diradicals" in
 Density-Functional
 Methods in Chemistry, ACS Symposium Series, Volume 629, Laird, B. B.,
 Ross, R. B. Ziegler, T., Eds.; American Chemical Society: Washington
 DC,
 1996; 402.
 provide some discussion, and also point to other excellent references.
 Chris Cramer
 +++++++++++++++
 +++++++++++++++
 Dear Valentin,
 This is a well-known problem, closely associated with the Kohn-Sham
 formalism.
 Relative stabilization of the singlet state in a carbenoid system is
 due to
 the (nondynamic!) correlation effect of the mixing between the ground
 state
 [sigma]2[pi]0 configuration and the doubly excited [sigma]0[pi]2
 configuration. This mixing gives rise to some electron density transfer
 to
 the region of p[pi] orbital. However, one cannot reproduce this
 electron
 density pattern within the Kohn-Sham formalism simply because of
 symmetry
 restrictions. Even if the symmetry restrictions are removed, the
 one-electron orbital mixing between the [sigma] and [pi] orbitals will
 be
 negligible.
 Best regards,
 Prof. Alexander Bagatur'yants
 +++++++++++++++
 +++++++++++++++
 Hi,
 have a look at :
 1) Worthington, S. E.; Cramer, C. J. "Density Functional Calculations
 of
 the Influence of Substitution on Singlet-Triplet Gaps in Carbenes and
 Vinylidenes" J. Phys. Org. Chem. 1997, 10, 755.
 2) Cramer, C. J.; Dulles, F. J.; Giesen, D. J.; Alml÷f, J. "Density
 Functional Theory: Excited States and Spin Annihilation"
 Chem. Phys. Lett. 1995, 245, 165.
 hope this helps.
                                       ...Xav
 Ast. Pr. Xavier Assfeld
 +++++++++++++++
 +++++++++++++++
 Hi Valentin,
 you may take carbenes as prime examples for computing S/T-gaps - DFT is
 clearly superior due to a better description of the singlet (not
 necessarily for a good reason). Have a look at:
 Carbenes: A Test Ground for Electronic Structure Methods. Holger F.
 Bettinger, Peter R. Schreiner, Paul von Rague Schleyer, and Henry F.
 Schaefer III; in "The Encyclopedia of Computational Chemistry" Paul v.
 Ragué Schleyer, Norman L. Allinger, Tim Clark, Johann Gasteiger, Peter
 A.
 Kollman, Henry F. Schaefer III, and Peter R. Schreiner (Eds.), John
 Wiley &
 Sons Inc.; Chichester, 1998, 183-196.
 Substituted Cyclopropylidenes and Cyclic Allenes. Holger F. Bettinger,
 Paul
 von Rague Schleyer, Peter R. Schreiner, and Henry F. Schaefer III J.
 Org.
 Chem. 1997, 62, 9267-9275.
 The Naphthylcarbene Potential Energy Hypersurface. Yaoming Xie, Peter
 R.
 Schreiner, Paul von Rague Schleyer, and Henry F. Schaefer III J. Am.
 Chem.
 Soc. 1997, 119, 1370-1377.
 The Ring Opening of Cycopropylidene and the Internal Rotation of
 Allene.
 Holger F. Bettinger, Peter R. Schreiner, Paul von Rague Schleyer, and
 Henry
 F. Schaefer III J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 16147-16154.
 Carbene Rearrangements Unsurpassed: The C7H6 Potential Energy Surface
 Revealed. Peter R. Schreiner, William L. Karney, Paul von Rague
 Schleyer,
 Weston T. Borden, Tracy P. Hamilton, and Henry F. Schaefer III J. Org.
 Chem. 1996, 61, 7030-7039.
 Hope this provides some input - Peter
 --
 Prof. Dr. Peter R. Schreiner
 +++++++++++++++
 +++++++++++++++
 Hi. Valentine:
 ...
 You may find hints from a paper at Sulzbach, et al . JACS, 1997, 119,
 5682.
 With hyperconjugation of a p orbital
 of substituents into  empty p orbital of singlet carbene, S/T gap is
 smaller
 or sometimes a singlet state could be
  more stable than the triplet.
  although that of methylene carbene is 9.0 kcal/mol experimentally
 (triplet ground state).
 And is <S**2> of UMP2 result of triplet carbene fine? Is that close to
 0.75?
 Sulzbach, et al .used BHandHLYP.
 Hope it helps.
 Seiji
 **************************************************
    Seiji Mori, Ph.D.
 +++++++++++++++
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